{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T10:58:25Z","timestamp":1793444305033,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To identify dietary factors associated\nwith the increase in occurrence of calcium oxalate\n(CaOx) uroliths and the decrease in occurrence of\nmagnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) uroliths in\ncats.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Case-control study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014173 cats with CaOx uroliths, 290 cats with\nMAP uroliths, and 827 cats without any urinary tract\ndiseases.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Univariate and multivariate logistic\nregression were performed.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cats fed diets low in sodium or potassium\nor formulated to maximize urine acidity had an\nincreased risk of developing CaOx uroliths but a\ndecreased risk of developing MAP uroliths.\nAdditionally, compared with the lowest contents,\ndiets with the highest moisture or protein contents\nand with moderate magnesium, phosphorus, or calcium\ncontents were associated with decreased risk of\nCaOx urolith formation. In contrast, diets with moderate\nfat or carbohydrate contents were associated with\nincreased risk of CaOx urolith formation. Diets with\nthe highest magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, chloride,\nor fiber contents and moderate protein content\nwere associated with increased risk of MAP urolith\nformation. On the other hand, diets with the highest\nfat content were associated with decreased risk of\nMAP urolith formation.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat diets formulated to contain higher protein,\nsodium, potassium, moisture, calcium, phosphorus,\nand magnesium contents and with decreased urine\nacidifying potential may minimize formation of CaOx\nuroliths in cats. Diets formulated to contain higher fat\ncontent and lower protein and potassium contents\nand with increased urine acidifying potential may minimize\nformation of MAP uroliths. 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