{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:25:45Z","timestamp":1790079945877,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To characterize the clinical, clinicopathologic,\nand imaging findings in dogs with intestinal lymphangiectasia\nand to compare the histologic grade of\nlymphangiectasia with clinicopathologic and imaging\nabnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201417 dogs with a histologic diagnosis of\nintestinal lymphangiectasia.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Medical records of dogs with a histologic\ndiagnosis of intestinal lymphangiectasia were\nreviewed for signalment, history, clinical signs, results\nof exploratory laparotomy, and clinicopathologic, radiographic,\nultrasonographic, and histologic findings.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Mean age of dogs was 8.3 years; the most\ncommon clinical signs were diarrhea, anorexia, lethargy,\nvomiting, and weight loss. Abnormal physical examination\nfindings included dehydration, ascites, and signs of\npain on palpation of the abdomen. The most notable clinicopathologic\nfindings were low serum ionized calcium\nconcentration and hypoalbuminemia. Abdominal ultrasonography\nwas performed in 12 dogs and revealed\nintestinal abnormalities in 8 dogs and peritoneal effusion\nin 7 dogs. Exploratory laparotomy revealed abnormalities\nin 9 of 16 dogs including thickened small intestine, dilated\nlacteals, lymphadenopathy, and adhesions. On histologic\nexamination of the small intestine, concurrent\ninflammation was observed in 15 of 17 dogs, crypt ectasia\nin 5 of 17, and lipogranulomas in 2 of 17.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Intestinal lymphangiectasia\nin dogs appears to be a heterogeneous\ndisorder characterized by various degrees of panhypoproteinemia,\nhypocholesterolemia, lymphocytopenia,\nand imaging abnormalities. In most dogs, the severity of\nhypoalbuminemia appears to offer the best correlation\nwith severity of histologic lesions of lymphangiectasia.\nImaging abnormalities are common in dogs with intestinal\nlymphangiectasia but are not specific enough to differentiate\nthis disorder from other gastrointestinal disorders,\nnor are they predictive of histologic severity. 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Mark","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Washabau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_69","first-page":"97","volume":"18","author":"Burns MG","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"p_2_70","first-page":"885","author":"Sherding RG","year":"1986","journal-title":"Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co"},{"key":"p_3_71","first-page":"262","volume":"163","author":"Finco DR","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_4_72","first-page":"427","volume":"190","author":"Meschter CL","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_5_73","first-page":"271","volume":"173","author":"Olson NC","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_6_74","first-page":"63","volume":"180","author":"Meuten DJ","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_7_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1999.215.03.349","volume":"215","author":"Baez JL","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_8_76","first-page":"127","volume":"18","author":"Milstein M","year":"1977","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"p_9_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1974.tb05662.x","volume":"15","author":"Mattheeuws D","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"p_10_78","first-page":"1050","volume":"153","author":"Campbell RSF","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_11_79","first-page":"367","author":"Williams DW","year":"1996","journal-title":"Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co"},{"key":"p_12_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.217.703","volume":"217","author":"Kimmel SE","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_13_81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1892\/0891-6640(2000)014<0068:FPLEAP>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"p_14_82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01536380"},{"key":"p_15_83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(96)00060-6"},{"key":"p_16_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.38.5.733","volume":"38","author":"Hudson M","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"p_17_85","first-page":"20","volume":"191","author":"Muntean W","year":"1975","journal-title":"Klin Padiatr"},{"key":"p_18_86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1989.tb01799.x"},{"key":"p_19_87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1990.tb01852.x"},{"key":"p_20_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588502200205","volume":"22","author":"Suter MM","year":"1985","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"p_21_89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1892\/0891-6640(2000)014<0298:ICLAWP>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"p_22_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588402100403","volume":"21","author":"van Kruiningen HJ","year":"1984","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"p_23_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1990.tb01188.x","volume":"19","author":"Harvey HJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"p_24_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.213.12.1755","volume":"213","author":"Jergens AE","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/219\/2\/javma.2001.219.197.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/219\/2\/javma.2001.219.197.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/219\/2\/javma.2001.219.197.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:43:24Z","timestamp":1741355004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/219\/2\/javma.2001.219.197.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,15]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.2001.219.197","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,15]]}}}