{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:42:42Z","timestamp":1793140962822,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014To determine the frequency of nonspecific\nclinical signs in dogs with separation anxiety,\nthunderstorm phobia, noise phobia, or any combination\nof these conditions and determine whether these\nconditions are associated in dogs.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Case series.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014141 dogs.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Diagnoses were established using specific\ncriteria. Owners of dogs completed a questionnaire\non how frequently their dogs exhibited destructive\nbehavior, urination, defecation, vocalization, and\nsalivation when the owners were absent and the\ntypes and frequency of reactions to thunderstorms,\nfireworks, and other noises.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Associations of the 3 conditions and of various\nnonspecific clinical signs within and between\ndiagnoses were nonrandom. The probability that a\ndog would have separation anxiety given that it had\nnoise phobia was high (0.88) and approximately the\nsame as the probability it would have separation anxiety\ngiven that it had thunderstorm phobia (0.86).\nHowever, the probability that a dog would have noise\nphobia given that it had separation anxiety (0.63) was\nhigher than the probability that it would have thunderstorm\nphobia given that it had separation anxiety\n(0.52). The probability that a dog would have noise\nphobia given that it had thunderstorm phobia (0.90)\nwas not equivalent to the converse (0.76).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Results suggested\nthat dogs with any of these conditions should\nbe screened for the others. Interactions among these\nconditions are important in the assessment and treatment\nof dogs with &gt; 1 of these conditions.\nResponses to noise were different from those to\nthunderstorms, possibly because of the unpredictability\nand uncertainty of thunderstorms. 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