{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T13:48:17Z","timestamp":1775742497968,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To compare postoperative discomfort\nassessed by subjective pain score and plasma cortisol\nconcentrations in cats undergoing onychectomy that\nreceived analgesia by use of transdermal fentanyl\n(TDF) patches or an IM injection of butorphanol.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Randomized prospective clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201422 client-owned cats weighing 2.2 to 5 kg\n(4.84 to 11 lb) undergoing onychectomy.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Researchers were blinded to which cats\nreceived a TDF patch (25 \u00b5g\/h) 18 to 24 hours prior to\nsurgery or an IM injection of butorphanol (0.2 mg\/kg\n[0.09 mg\/lb]) at the time of sedation, immediately following\nextubation, and at 4-hour intervals thereafter\nfor 12 hours. Clinical variables, plasma cortisol concentration,\nand pain scores were evaluated and\nrecorded 24 hours prior to surgery, at extubation, and\n2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014The TDF group had a lower pain score than\nthe butorphanol group only at 8 hours after surgery.\nBoth groups had significantly lower mean plasma cortisol\nconcentrations 0, 24, 36, and 48 hours after\nsurgery, compared with mean plasma cortisol concentrations\nprior to surgery. No significant differences\nin appetite or response to handling the feet were\nobserved between the 2 groups.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Our data did\nnot reveal a difference in pain relief between administration\nof TDF and butorphanol. Plasma cortisol concentrations\nwere not different between groups.\nFentanyl appeared to provide equivalent analgesia to\nbutorphanol in cats undergoing onychectomy. The primary\nadvantage of using a TDF patch is that repeated\ninjections are not required. (<jats:italic>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/jats:italic>\n2002;220:1020\u20131024)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.220.1020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,23]],"date-time":"2006-01-23T18:41:12Z","timestamp":1138041672000},"page":"1020-1024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Comparison of transdermal administration of fentanyl versus intramuscular administration of butorphanol for analgesia after onychectomy in cats"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"220","author":[{"given":"Kelly L.","family":"Gellasch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kris T.","family":"Kruse-Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian S.","family":"Osmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre N. C.","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dale E.","family":"Bjorling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.143.7.185","volume":"143","author":"Slingsby LS","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"p_2_329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1998.tb00158.x","volume":"27","author":"Briggs SL","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"p_3_330","unstructured":"Benedetti C, Bonica JJ, Bellucci G. Pathophysiology and therapy of postoperative pain: a review. In: Benedetti C, Chapman CR, Moricca G, eds. Advances in pain research and therapy. Vol 7. 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