{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T14:31:54Z","timestamp":1789914714366,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To identify subclinical <jats:italic>Babesia gibsoni<\/jats:italic>\ninfection in American Pit Bull Terriers from the southeastern\nUnited States and to determine the genetic\nsequence of parasite DNA isolated from these dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Case series.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201433 American Pit Bull Terriers and 87 dogs\nof various other breeds.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Blood smears were examined for microscopic\nevidence of the parasite, and DNA was\nextracted from blood samples and used in a polymerase\nchain reaction (PCR) assay designed to amplify\nthe small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequence of\n<jats:italic>B gibsoni<\/jats:italic>. Amplification products of the expected size\nwere sequenced, and sequences were compared\nwith published sequences for <jats:italic>B gibsoni<\/jats:italic> isolates.\nHematocrit, platelet count, mean platelet volume,\nWBC count, and eosinophil count were compared\nbetween dogs with positive PCR assay results and\ndogs with negative results.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results of the PCR assay were positive for\n18 of the 33 (55%) American Pit Bull Terriers, including\nall 10 dogs with microscopic evidence of parasitemia.\nOnly 1 of these dogs was clinically ill at the\ntime blood samples were collected. Results of microscopic\nevaluation of blood smears and of the PCR\nassay were negative for the 87 other dogs.\nHematocrit and platelet count were significantly\nlower in dogs with positive PCR assay results than in\ndogs with negative results.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat American Pit Bull Terriers in the southeastern\nUnited States may be subclinically infected with <jats:italic>B\ngibsoni<\/jats:italic>. However, subclinical infection was not identified\nin dogs of other breeds from the same geographic\narea. 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