{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:07:11Z","timestamp":1780578431664,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine whether <jats:italic>Neospora caninum<\/jats:italic> serostatus\nwas associated with milk production\namong Holstein cattle in Ontario.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Case-control study and cross-sectional\nobservational study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u20143,702 Holstein cows in 83 herds (casecontrol\nstudy) and 3,162 Holstein cows in 57 herds.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Herds in the case-control study were\ngrouped on the basis of <jats:italic>N caninum<\/jats:italic> abortion status.\nHerds in the observational study were considered\nrepresentative of Ontario dairy herds. The <jats:italic>N caninum<\/jats:italic> serostatus of individual cows was determined with a\nkinetic ELISA. Milk production was modeled to compare\nseropositive with seronegative animals while\ncontrolling for parity, days since parturition, and herd\nclustering.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014In the case-control study, 305-day milk production\nof seropositive cows was significantly less\nthan milk production of seronegative cows in herds\nwith abortions attributable to <jats:italic>N caninum<\/jats:italic> infection and\nin herds with abortions attributable to pathogens\nother than <jats:italic>N caninum<\/jats:italic>, but not in herds without abortion\nproblems. In the observational study, 305-day\nmilk production for seropositive cows was not significantly\ndifferent from milk production of seronegative\ncows.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat the association between <jats:italic>N caninum<\/jats:italic> serostatus and milk production in Ontario Holstein\ndairy cattle may depend on abortion status of the\nherd. In herds with abortion problems, regardless of\ncause, <jats:italic>N caninum<\/jats:italic>-seropositive cattle produced less\nmilk, whereas in herds without abortion problems,\n<jats:italic>N caninum<\/jats:italic>-seropositive cattle produced the same\namount of milk as seronegative cattle. 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