{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T10:59:08Z","timestamp":1793444348267,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objectives<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine incidence and identify predisposing\nfactors for sterile hemorrhagic cystitis (SHC) in\ndogs with lymphoma that were treated with cyclophosphamide\nand to evaluate whether furosemide administered\nIV concurrently with cyclophosphamide decreased\nthe incidence of SHC.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014216 dogs with lymphoma.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Medical records of dogs with lymphoma\nthat received cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in\naccordance with 1 of 2 protocols, with or without concurrent\nIV administration of furosemide, were examined.\nData for the 2 groups were analyzed to determine\nthe incidence and predisposing factors (age, breed, sex,\nweight, previous or preexisting disease, previous or preexisting\nurinary tract infection, neutropenia, azotemia,\ndose, and number of cyclophosphamide treatments) for\ncyclophosphamide-associated SHC.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cyclophosphamide-associated SHC developed\nin 12 of 133 (9%) dogs that had not received concurrent\nadministration of furosemide and cyclophosphamide\ntreatments; of the 83 dogs that had received\nfurosemide, only 1 (1.2%) developed SHC. Dogs receiving\ncyclophosphamide and furosemide concurrently\nwere significantly less likely to develop SHC than dogs\nthat did not receive furosemide. Dogs with previous or\npreexisting immune-mediated disease were significantly\nmore likely to develop cyclophosphamide-associated\nSHC.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Analysis of\nresults suggested an association between IV administration\nof furosemide concurrently with cyclophosphamide\nand decreased incidence of cyclophosphamide-\nassociated SHC. Incidence of cyclophosphamide-\nassociated SHC was similar in treated dogs\nthat did not receive concurrent furosemide to that\nobserved for other studies in which cyclophosphamide\nwas administered orally. Cyclophosphamide-associated\nSHC appeared to develop early during the course of\nchemotherapy when furosemide was not administered\nconcurrently with cyclophosphamide. (<jats:italic>J Am Vet Med\nAssoc<\/jats:italic> 2003;222:1388\u20131393)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.1388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,7]],"date-time":"2006-07-07T17:41:17Z","timestamp":1152294077000},"page":"1388-1393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Risk factors for sterile hemorrhagic cystitis in dogs with lymphoma receiving cyclophosphamide with or without concurrent administration of furosemide: 216 cases (1990\u20131996)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"222","author":[{"given":"Sarah C.","family":"Charney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann E.","family":"Hohenhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine A.","family":"McKnight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_136","first-page":"1319","volume":"188","author":"Stanton ME","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_2_137","first-page":"1059","volume":"21","author":"Dhaliwal RS","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cyclophosphamide. 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