{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:14:24Z","timestamp":1792012464148,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014To evaluate use of clomipramine, alprazolam,\nand behavior modification for treatment of storm\nphobia in dogs.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Prospective open clinical trial.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u201440 dogs with storm phobia.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Dogs received clomipramine at a\ndosage of 2 mg\/kg (0.9 mg\/lb), PO, every 12 hours for\n3 months; then 1 mg\/kg (0.45 mg\/lb), PO, every 12\nhours for 2 weeks; then 0.5 mg\/kg (0.23 mg\/lb), PO,\nevery 12 hours for 2 weeks. Alprazolam was given at\na dosage of 0.02 mg\/kg (0.009 mg\/lb), PO, as needed\n1 hour before anticipated storms and every 4 hours as\nneeded. Desensitization and counter-conditioning\nwere conducted at home by the caregiver with an\naudio simulation of storm sounds that had induced a\nfear response during evaluation.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u201430 of the 32 dogs that completed the study\nhad a degree of improvement, as measured by caregivers'\nglobal assessment. Two caregivers considered\nthe storm phobia to be resolved. Panting, pacing, trembling,\nremaining near the caregiver, hiding, excessive\nsalivation, destructiveness, excessive vocalization,\nself-trauma, and inappropriate elimination all decreased\nsignificantly during treatment. Improvement was\ngreater during true storms (rain, thunder, and lightning)\nthan during rain only. Response to audio simulation did\nnot change during treatment. Four months after the\nstudy, improvement was maintained.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014The combination\nof clomipramine, alprazolam, and behavior modification\ncan be effective in decreasing or eliminating storm\nphobia. Improvement could not be evaluated by use of\naudio simulation of a storm. (\n                    <jats:italic>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/jats:italic>\n                    2003;\n222:744\u2013748)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,7]],"date-time":"2006-07-07T16:21:29Z","timestamp":1152289289000},"page":"744-748","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Use of clomipramine, alprazolam, and behavior modification for treatment of storm phobia in dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"222","author":[{"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Crowell-Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne M.","family":"Seibert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wailani","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valli","family":"Parthasarathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry M.","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_2","first-page":"164","author":"Overall KL","year":"2002","journal-title":"England: British Small Animal Veterinary Association"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(91)50038-3","volume":"21","author":"Shull-Selcer EA","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(99)00127-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/222\/6\/javma.2003.222.744.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/222\/6\/javma.2003.222.744.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/222\/6\/javma.2003.222.744.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T08:41:46Z","timestamp":1741336906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/222\/6\/javma.2003.222.744.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]]},"references-count":3,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.2003.222.744","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]]}}}