{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:16:24Z","timestamp":1790385384611,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine incidence of and possible risk\nfactors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection\n(UTI) among dogs hospitalized in an intensive care unit\nand compare results of bacterial culture of urine samples\nwith results of bacterial culture of catheter tips.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201439 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014A standard protocol for aseptic catheter\nplacement and maintenance was used. Urine samples\nwere obtained daily and submitted for bacterial\nculture. When possible, the urinary catheter tip was\ncollected aseptically at the time of catheter removal\nand submitted for bacterial culture. Bacteria that were\nobtained were identified and tested for antimicrobial\nsusceptibility.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u20144 of the 39 (10.3%) dogs developed a UTI.\nThe probability of remaining free from UTI after 1 day\nin the intensive care unit was 94.9%, and the probability\nof remaining free from UTI after 4 days was\n63.3%. Bacteria isolates were generally common urinary\ntract pathogens and were susceptible to most\nantimicrobials. Specific risk factors for catheter-associated\nUTI, beyond a lack of antimicrobial administration,\nwere not identified. Positive predictive value of bacterial\nculture of urinary catheter tips was only 25%.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat placement of an indwelling urinary catheter in\ndogs is associated with a low risk of catheter-associated\nUTI during the first 3 days after catheter placement,\nprovided that adequate precautions are taken for aseptic\ncatheter placement and maintenance. Results of\nbacterial culture of urinary catheter tips should not be\nused to predict whether dogs developed catheter-associated\nUTI. 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