{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T03:49:29Z","timestamp":1776484169483,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine frequency and types of\ncomplications, prognostic factors, and primary diseases\naffecting clinical outcome associated with\nadministration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in\ncats.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201475 cats that received TPN for \u2265 12 hours.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Medical records were reviewed, and\ninformation was obtained on signalment, history,\nproblems at initial evaluation, physical examination\nfindings, weight and changes in weight while receiving\nTPN, duration in the hospital before initiation of\nTPN, the type of TPN catheter used, duration of TPN\nadministration, and final diagnosis. Laboratory results\nobtained immediately prior to TPN and at 24 and 96\nhours following initiation of TPN administration were\ncompared.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Reports of weight loss at initial evaluation,\nhyperglycemia at 24 hours, or diagnosis of chronic\nrenal failure were significantly associated with\nincreased mortality rate. Greater serum albumin concentrations\nprior to and at 96 hours following TPN\nadministration were significantly associated with\ndecreased mortality rate. Mechanical and septic complications\nwere infrequent and not associated with\nincreased mortality rate. Most cats had multiple diseases.\nThe overall mortality rate was 52%; among 75\ncats, 36 recovered, 23 were euthanatized, and 16 died\nas a result of their primary illness or complications\nassociated with their illness.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results indicated\nhigh mortality rate in cats maintained on TPN that had\nmultiple concurrent diseases associated with a poor\nprognosis. Indicators of poor prognosis included a history\nof weight loss, hyperglycemia at 24 hours following\nTPN administration, hypoalbuminemia, and chronic renal\nfailure. 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