{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T06:15:10Z","timestamp":1776579310490,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine and compare levels of\nsedation achieved by IM administration of diphenhydramine,\nsaline (0.9% NaCl) solution, and acepromazine\nin dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prospective randomized study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201456 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Dogs were randomly assigned to\nreceive diphenhydramine at 2, 4, or 8 mg\/kg (0.9, 1.8,\nor 3.6 mg\/lb, respectively) IM; acepromazine at 0.1\nmg\/kg (0.05 mg\/lb) IM; or saline solution at 0.05\nmL\/kg (0.02 mL\/lb) IM. Sedation was assessed by\nuse of a 6-category descriptive system based on\nobservation and interaction.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Dogs in the acepromazine group had significantly\nhigher sedation scores than did dogs in the\nsaline solution or diphenhydramine groups at 30 minutes.\nDogs in the diphenhydramine groups did not\nhave significantly different sedation scores from dogs\nin the saline solution group at any time point.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Diphenhydramine\ndid not cause clinically appreciable sedation in\nhealthy dogs. Diphenhydramine is not suitable as a sole\nsedative prior to general anesthesia in dogs. 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