{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T02:54:42Z","timestamp":1791082482303,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To identify potential risk factors for\nembryonic loss before 35 to 42 days of gestation in\ndairy cattle.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prospective observational study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014381 cows.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Body condition score was determined at\nthe time of artificial insemination (AI; day 0) and on\ndays 20, 23, and 27 and between days 35 and 41;\nserum progesterone concentration was measured on\ndays 0; 20 or 21; and 23, 24, or 25. Cows were excluded\nfrom analyses if day 0 serum progesterone concentration\nwas \u2265 1.0 ng\/mL and classified as pregnant\non day 23 if serum progesterone was &gt; 1.5 ng\/mL on\nday 20 or 21 and day 23, 24, or 25. Cows were examined\nvia transrectal ultrasonography on day 27 or 28\nand rectally palpated for pregnancy on days 35 to 41.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u201439% of cows that were pregnant on day 23\nlost their embryo by day 27, and 18% of cows that\nwere pregnant on day 27 or 28 were not pregnant on\ndays 35 to 41. Breeding a pregnant cow posed the\ngreatest risk for embryonic loss at both time periods.\nMean serum progesterone concentrations on day 21\nor 22 and day 23, 24, or 25 were lowest for cows that\nlost an embryo between days 24 and 28. Cows with\na linear somatic cell count score &gt; 4.5 before AI were\ntwice as likely to lose the embryo by 35 to 41 days,\ncompared with cows with a score &lt; 4.5.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat embryonic loss could be reduced by more\naccurate estrus detection, reducing mastitis, and\nstrategies to improve progesterone concentration after\nbreeding. 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