{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T13:56:59Z","timestamp":1789912619733,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the prevalence of nasal colonization\nwith methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus\naureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA) in horses and horse personnel.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prospective prevalence study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Sample Population<\/jats:bold>\u2014972 horses and 107 personnel\nfrom equine farms in Ontario, Canada and New York\nstate.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Nasal swab specimens were collected\nfrom horses and humans on farms with (targeted surveillance)\nand without (nontargeted surveillance) a history\nof MRSA colonization or infection in horses during\nthe preceding year. Selective culture for MRSA was\nperformed. Isolates were typed via pulsed-field gel\nelectrophoresis, and antibiograms were determined.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014MRSA was isolated from 46 of 972 (4.7%)\nhorses (0\/581 via nontargeted surveillance and\n46\/391 [12%] via targeted surveillance). Similarly,\nMRSA was isolated from 14 of 107 (13%) humans\n(2\/41 [5%] from nontargeted surveillance and 12\/66\n[18%] from targeted surveillance). All isolates were\nsubtypes of Canadian epidemic MRSA-5, an uncommon\nstrain in humans. All isolates were resistant to at\nleast 1 antimicrobial class in addition to \u03b2-lactams. On\nall farms with colonized horses, at least 1 human was\ncolonized with an indistinguishable subtype. For horses,\nresiding on a farm that housed &gt; 20 horses was\nthe only factor significantly associated with MRSA\ncolonization. For humans, regular contact with &gt; 20\nhorses was the only identified risk factor.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results confirm\na reservoir of colonized horses on a variety of farms in\nOntario and New York and provide evidence that 1\nMRSA strain is predominantly involved in MRSA colonization\nin horses and humans that work with horses.\n(<jats:italic>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/jats:italic> 2005;226:580\u2013583)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.226.580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,21]],"date-time":"2005-12-21T12:29:38Z","timestamp":1135168178000},"page":"580-583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in horses and humans who work with horses"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"226","author":[{"given":"J. Scott","family":"Weese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce","family":"Rousseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josie L.","family":"Traub-Dargatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara M.","family":"Willey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison J.","family":"McGeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_214","first-page":"21","volume":"165","author":"Simor AE","year":"2001","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"p_2_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/24.2.211","volume":"24","author":"Archibald L","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"p_3_216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s101560050012"},{"key":"p_4_217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540110026944"},{"key":"p_5_218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/379321"},{"key":"p_6_219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.19.2229"},{"key":"p_7_220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/367653"},{"key":"p_8_221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502221"},{"key":"p_9_222","first-page":"88","volume":"52","author":"Centers","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"p_10_223","first-page":"707","volume":"48","author":"Centers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Minnesota and North Dakota. 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