{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:20:11Z","timestamp":1778545211249,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To characterize the clinical and morphologic\naspects of aqueous humor misdirection syndrome\n(AHMS) in cats and provide a hypothesis\nregarding its pathogenesis on the basis of detailed\nanalysis of affected cats.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201432 cats (40 eyes).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Medical records of cats in which AHMS\nwas diagnosed from July 1997 to August 2003 were\nreviewed. In certain cats, results of additional diagnostic\ntesting were also obtained, including A-scan,\nB-scan, and high-resolution ultrasonography; streak\nretinoscopy; video keratometry; and infrared neutralizing\nvideoretinoscopy as well as results of analysis of\nflash-frozen sections and histologic examination of\nenucleated globes.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cats had a uniformly shallow anterior\nchamber, intact lens zonules, and a narrowed\napproach to an open iridocorneal angle. Mean age of\naffected cats was 11.7 years (range, 4 to 16 years),\nand female cats were significantly more often affected\nthan male cats. Clinical signs included mydriasis,\ndecreased pupillary light reflex, decreased menace\nresponse, and blindness. Glaucomatous changes to\nthe optic nerve, incipient cataracts, and eventual\nblindness were seen. Intraocular pressure was \u2265 20\nmm Hg (range, 12 to 58 mm Hg) in 32 of 40 eyes.\nUltrasonography and histologic examination revealed\na thickened anterior vitreal face interposed between\nthe lens and ciliary body, partial ciliary cleft collapse,\nand cavitated vitreal regions. Various treatment\nmodalities were used.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014AHMS affects\nolder cats, especially females, and may result in glaucoma,\nvision loss, and signs of ocular pain. Topical\nadministration of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors\ndecreased intraocular pressure. (<jats:italic>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/jats:italic>\n2005;227:1434\u20131441)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.1434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,21]],"date-time":"2005-12-21T12:52:23Z","timestamp":1135169543000},"page":"1434-1441","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Putative aqueous humor misdirection syndrome as a cause of glaucoma in cats: 32 cases (1997\u20132003)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"227","author":[{"given":"Jessica M. 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