{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:41:26Z","timestamp":1791200486039,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To assess seasonal variation in prevalence\nof <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogeneson<\/jats:italic> ruminant farms and identify\nmanagement practices associated with ruminant listeriosis\nand fecal shedding of <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Study Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Case-control study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Sample Population<\/jats:bold>\u20142,056 samples of feces, feed,\nsoil, and water from 24 case farms with listeriosis\nand 28 control farms without listeriosis.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Samples were collected and evaluated\nvia bacterial culture for <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>. Univariate\nassociations between farm management practices\nand listeriosis and fecal shedding of <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\nwere assessed. Multivariate models were\ndeveloped to identify farm management practices\nassociated with listeriosis and fecal shedding of <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014The prevalence of <jats:italic>L monocytogeneson<\/jats:italic> cattle,\ngoat, and sheep farms was seasonal, especially in\nfecal samples, with peak prevalence in winter. Although\nthe prevalence of <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> in feedstuffs from\nsmall-ruminant farms also peaked during winter, the\nbacterium was detected at a constant rate in cattle farm\nfeedstuffs throughout the year. Farm management\npractices, animal health and hygiene, and feedstuff quality\nand storage were associated with ruminant listeriosis\nand fecal shedding of <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat the prevalence of <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> on ruminant\nfarms is seasonal, management practices are\nassociated with ruminant listeriosis and fecal shedding\nof <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>, and the epidemiologic features\nof listeriosis differ in cattle versus small ruminants.\nAwareness of risk factors may be used to develop control\nmeasures to reduce animal disease and introduction\nof <jats:italic>L monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> into the human food chain.\n(<jats:italic>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/jats:italic> 2005;227:1808\u20131814)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.1808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,21]],"date-time":"2005-12-21T15:30:28Z","timestamp":1135179028000},"page":"1808-1814","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Evaluation of farm management practices as risk factors for clinical listeriosis and fecal shedding of Listeria monocytogenes in ruminants"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"227","author":[{"given":"Kendra K.","family":"Nightingale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther D.","family":"Fortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alphina J.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ynte H.","family":"Schukken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yrjo T.","family":"Grohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Wiedmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_301","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180300000"},{"key":"p_2_302","first-page":"39","author":"Wesley IV","year":"1999","journal-title":"New York: Marcel Decker Inc"},{"key":"p_3_303","first-page":"21","author":"Fenlon DR","year":"1999","journal-title":"New York: Marcel Decker Inc"},{"key":"p_4_304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schukken YH, Grohn YT, Wiedmann M. 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