{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T21:03:42Z","timestamp":1770325422943,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine whether conditions representing\nactivities that are typical in the recreational\nuse of horses, including transport to and from show\ngrounds, stall confinement in unfamiliar surroundings,\nand light exercise, are associated with increased incidence\nof gastric ulcers in horses.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Randomized controlled study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201420 client-owned horses.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Horses had no gastric ulcers as determined\nby endoscopic examination on study day \u20131.\nTen control horses were maintained on-site with no\nchanges in management variables. Ten horses were\ntransported via trailer for 4 hours on day 0 to another\nsite, placed in individual stalls, fed twice daily, and\nexercised twice daily for 3 days. On day 4, they were\ntransported back to the original site via trailer for 4\nhours. On day 5, endoscopic examinations were performed\non all horses to assess gastric mucosa status.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Horses that were transported and housed\noff-site had a significantly higher incidence of hyperkeratosis\nand reddening of the gastric mucosa than\ncontrol horses. Two control horses and 7 transported\nhorses developed gastric ulcers by day 5. Ulcer\nscores of transported horses increased significantly\nfrom day \u20131, whereas ulcer scores in control horses\ndid not change significantly from day \u20131.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Activities that\nare typical in recreational use of horses were ulcerogenic,\nand ulcers in the gastric squamous mucosa can\ndevelop under these conditions within 5 days. 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