{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:31:35Z","timestamp":1778279495759,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,15]],"date-time":"2022-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642204800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"s001\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To determine the incidence of and potential risk factors for postoperative regurgitation and vomiting (PORV), postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and aspiration pneumonia in geriatric dogs using premedication with maropitant and famotidine, intraoperative fentanyl, and postoperative fentanyl as part of an anesthetic protocol.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s002\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>105 client-owned geriatric dogs that underwent general anesthesia for a major surgical procedure between January 2019 and March 2020.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s003\">\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Medical records were reviewed to collect data on signalment, historical gastrointestinal signs, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, indication for surgery, duration of anesthesia and surgery, patient position during surgery, mode of ventilation, and perioperative administration of maropitant, famotidine, anticholinergics, opioids, colloidal support, NSAID, corticosteroids, and appetite stimulants. The incidence of postoperative regurgitation, vomiting, nausea, and aspiration pneumonia was calculated, and variables were each analyzed for their association with these outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s004\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>2 of 105 (1.9%) dogs regurgitated, 1 of 105 (1.0%) dogs developed aspiration pneumonia, 4 of 105 (3.8%) dogs exhibited nausea, and no dogs vomited. Identified possible risk factors included older age (\u2265 13 years old) for postoperative regurgitation, regurgitation for postoperative aspiration pneumonia, and high ASA score (\u2265 4) for both regurgitation and aspiration pneumonia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s005\">\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The use of an antiemetic protocol including maropitant, famotidine, and fentanyl in geriatric dogs resulted in very low incidences of PORV, PONV, and aspiration pneumonia. Future prospective studies are warranted to further evaluate and mitigate postoperative risks.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.21.05.0237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T21:26:19Z","timestamp":1639603579000},"page":"S46-S51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Low incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting, regurgitation, and aspiration pneumonia in geriatric dogs receiving maropitant, famotidine, and fentanyl as part of an anesthesia protocol"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"260","author":[{"given":"Ashley L.","family":"Moyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Oncology Department, VCA West Coast Specialty and Emergency Animal Hospital, Fountain Valley, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Talon S.","family":"McKee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VCA Clinical Studies Department, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VCA Clinical Studies Department, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arathi","family":"Vinayak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Oncology Department, VCA West Coast Specialty and Emergency Animal Hospital, Fountain Valley, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"B1","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","first-page":"397","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for intraoperative gastroesophageal reflux and postanesthetic vomiting and diarrhea in dogs undergoing general anesthesia","volume":"27","year":"2017","unstructured":"Torrente C, Vigueras I, Manzanilla EG, et al. 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