{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T17:47:06Z","timestamp":1780940826350,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"S3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To investigate equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) and equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) in Icelandic horses moving from pasture into training.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>81 horses (median age, 3 years; interquartile range, 1 year) from 10 farms representing 4 different Icelandic regions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Initial gastroscopy was undertaken within 2 weeks of moving from pasture into a training establishment. A total of 71 horses underwent endoscopic examination again 8 weeks later. Various management and behavioral factors were assessed through face-to-face questionnaires with the owners or trainers. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors contributing to any change in ESGD and EGGD severity score during the 8-week training period.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Incidence of EGGD and ESGD in this feral population was similar to that found in domesticated horses. ESGD incidence (severity score, \u2265 2; score range, 0 to 4) reduced from an initial 71.6% (58\/81) to 25.4% (18\/71). On multivariable analysis, sex (ie, being a stallion or a female vs gelding) increased the likelihood of ulcer grade reduction. Being fed preserved forage 3 or more times a day also improved the likelihood of ESGD reduction (odds ratio, 17.95; 95% CI, 1.67 to 193.40; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .017). Overall, the farm explained 35% of the variance, confirming the importance of management factors. Incidence of EGGD (severity score, \u2265 1; score range, 0 to 2) reduced from 47% (38\/81) to 40.8% (29\/71) during the same period. No measured variables were associated significantly with EGGD incidence or reduction.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Pasture provision (without supplementary feed or forage) does not result automatically in a low incidence of gastric ulcers. Regular provision of preserved forage is a key factor in reducing ESGD incidence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.22.06.0263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T13:20:34Z","timestamp":1663939234000},"page":"S102-S110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of moving from being extensively managed out in pasture into training on the incidence of equine gastric ulcer syndrome in Icelandic horses"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"260","author":[{"given":"Nanna","family":"Luthersson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hestedoktoren, Hojgaard Sjaelland ApS, Hvalsovej 298, 4360 Kr. Eskilstrup, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00dand\u00edna","family":"\u00ddr \u00deorgr\u00edmsd\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dyrlaege ehf, Vidar\u00e1s 85, Reykjav\u00edk, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Studies Group, Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Parkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Euan D.","family":"Bennet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, UK"},{"name":"School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1996.tb03107.x","article-title":"Factors associated with gastric lesions in Thoroughbred racehorses","volume":"28","author":"Murray MJ","year":"1996","unstructured":"Murray MJ, Schusser GF, Pipers FS, Gross SJ. Factors associated with gastric lesions in Thoroughbred racehorses. Equine Vet J. 1996;28:368\u2013374. doi:10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1996.tb03107.x10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1996.tb03107.x"},{"key":"B2","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.13578","article-title":"European College of Equine Internal Medicine consensus statement: equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses","volume":"29","author":"Sykes BW","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sykes BW, Hewetson M, Hepburn RJ, Luthersson N, Tamzali Y. European College of Equine Internal Medicine consensus statement: equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses. J Vet Intern Med. 2015;29:1288\u20131299. doi: 10.1111\/jvim.1357810.1111\/jvim.13578"},{"key":"B3","series-title":"Equine Vet. Educ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12495","article-title":"Nutritional management of gastric ulceration","volume":"29","author":"Andrews FM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Andrews FM, Larson C, Harris P. Nutritional management of gastric ulceration. Equine Vet. Educ. 2017;29:45\u201355.10.1111\/eve.12495"},{"issue":"7","key":"B4","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.2746\/042516409X441910","article-title":"Equine gastric ulceration syndrome (EGUS) in 201 horses in Denmark and the influence of age, gender, temperament, breed and workload","volume":"41","author":"Luthersson N","year":"2009","unstructured":"Luthersson N, Nielsen KH, Harris P, Parkin TDH. Equine gastric ulceration syndrome (EGUS) in 201 horses in Denmark and the influence of age, gender, temperament, breed and workload. Equine Vet J. 2009;41(7):619\u2013624. doi:10.2746\/042516409X44191010.2746\/042516409X441910"},{"issue":"7","key":"B5","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.2746\/042516409X441929","article-title":"Risk factors associated with equine gastric ulceration syndrome in 201 horses in Denmark","volume":"41","author":"Luthersson N","year":"2009","unstructured":"Luthersson N, Hou Nielsen K, Harris P, Parkin TDH. Risk factors associated with equine gastric ulceration syndrome in 201 horses in Denmark. Equine Vet J. 2009;41(7):625\u2013630.10.2746\/042516409X44192927505236"},{"key":"B6","series-title":"Vet Med Res Repo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2147\/VMRR.S174427","article-title":"Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and management strategies","volume":"10","author":"Banse HE","year":"2019","unstructured":"Banse HE, Andrews FM. Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and management strategies. Vet Med Res Repo. 2019;10:69.10.2147\/VMRR.S174427"},{"issue":"15","key":"B7","series-title":"Curr Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.07.001","article-title":"The origin of ambling horses","volume":"26","author":"Wutke S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wutke S, Andersson L, Benecke N, et al. The origin of ambling horses. Curr Biol. 2016;26(15):R697\u2013R699. doi:10.1016\/j.cub.2016.07.00110.1016\/j.cub.2016.07.001"},{"key":"B8","year":"2022","unstructured":"Members. International Federation of Icelandic Horse Associations (FEIF). Accessed May 1, 2022. https:\/\/www.feif.org\/feif\/members\/"},{"key":"B9","year":"2022","unstructured":"WorldFengur. Accessed September 5, 2022. https:\/\/www.worldfengur.com\/freezone_about.jsp?c=EN"},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Proc Am Coll Vet Intern Med","first-page":"610","article-title":"Characteristics of gastric ulcer pathophysiology","volume":"12","author":"Murray MJ","year":"1994","unstructured":"Murray MJ. Characteristics of gastric ulcer pathophysiology. Proc Am Coll Vet Intern Med. 1994;12:610\u2013612."},{"issue":"3","key":"B11","series-title":"Vet Clin Equine Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2003.08.012","article-title":"Treatment and prevention of equine gastric ulcer syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Buchanan BR","year":"2003","unstructured":"Buchanan BR, Andrews FM. Treatment and prevention of equine gastric ulcer syndrome. Vet Clin Equine Pract. 2003;19(3):575\u2013597.10.1016\/j.cveq.2003.08.012"},{"key":"B12","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12267_18","article-title":"A questionnaire on training of the Icelandic pace horse","volume":"46","author":"Jansson A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jansson A, Hedenstr\u00f6m U, Ragnarsson S. A questionnaire on training of the Icelandic pace horse. Equine Vet J. 2014;46:6\u20137.10.1111\/evj.12267_18"},{"issue":"1","key":"B13","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.2746\/042516400777612044","article-title":"Postmortem findings of gastric ulcers in Swedish horses older than age one year: a retrospective study of 3715 horses (1924\u20131996)","volume":"32","author":"Sandin A","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sandin A, Skidell J, H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m J, Nilsson G. Postmortem findings of gastric ulcers in Swedish horses older than age one year: a retrospective study of 3715 horses (1924\u20131996). Equine Vet J. 2000;32(1):36\u201342.10.2746\/042516400777612044"},{"issue":"3","key":"B14","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12341","article-title":"Efficacy of omeprazole powder paste or enteric-coated formulation in healing of gastric ulcers in horses","volume":"28","author":"Birkmann K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Birkmann K, Junge HK, Maischberger E, Wehrli Eser M, Schwarzwald CC. Efficacy of omeprazole powder paste or enteric-coated formulation in healing of gastric ulcers in horses. J Vet Intern Med. 2014;28(3):925\u2013933. doi:10.1111\/jvim.1234110.1111\/jvim.12341"},{"key":"B15","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01826.x","article-title":"Relationship between condition score, physical measurements and body-fat percentage in mares","volume":"15","author":"Henneke DR","year":"1983","unstructured":"Henneke DR, Potter GD, Kreider JL, et al. Relationship between condition score, physical measurements and body-fat percentage in mares. Equine Vet J. 1983;15:371\u2013372. doi:10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01826.x10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01826.x"},{"key":"B16","series-title":"Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.02.029","article-title":"Apparent adiposity assessed by standardised scoring systems and morphometric measurements in horses and ponies","volume":"179","author":"Carter RA","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carter RA, Geor RJ, Burton Staniar W, Cubitt TA, Harris PA. Apparent adiposity assessed by standardised scoring systems and morphometric measurements in horses and ponies. Vet J. 2009;179:204\u2013210. doi:10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.02.02910.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.02.029"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12491","author":"Wickham H","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wickham H, Averick M, Bryan J, et al. Welcome to the Tidyverse. Accessed September 5, 2022. https:\/\/joss.theoj.org\/papers\/10.21105\/joss.0168610.1111\/eve.12491"},{"issue":"12","key":"B18","series-title":"Equine Vet Educ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-9233","article-title":"A comparison of the prevalence of gastric ulceration in feral and domesticated horses in the UK","volume":"27","author":"Ward S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ward S, Sykes BW, Brown H, Bishop A, Penaluna LA. A comparison of the prevalence of gastric ulceration in feral and domesticated horses in the UK. Equine Vet Educ. 2015;27(12):655\u2013657. doi:10.1111\/eve.1249110.2527\/jas.2015-9233"},{"issue":"9","key":"B19","series-title":"J Anim Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.03.020","article-title":"A Nordic survey of management practices and owners\u2019 attitudes towards keeping horses in groups","volume":"93","author":"Hartmann E","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hartmann E, B\u00f8e KE, Christensen JW, et al. A Nordic survey of management practices and owners\u2019 attitudes towards keeping horses in groups. J Anim Sci. 2015;93(9):4564\u20134574. doi:10.2527\/jas.2015-923310.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.03.020"},{"issue":"3","key":"B20","series-title":"Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2007.36729","article-title":"Prevalence of gastric ulcers in Thoroughbred broodmares in pasture: a preliminary report","volume":"181","author":"Le Jeune SS","year":"2009","unstructured":"Le Jeune SS, Nieto JE, Dechant JE, Snyder JR. Prevalence of gastric ulcers in Thoroughbred broodmares in pasture: a preliminary report. Vet J. 2009;181(3):251\u2013255. doi:10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.03.02010.1080\/00480169.2007.36729"},{"issue":"1","key":"B21","series-title":"N Z Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00129.x","article-title":"The prevalence of gastric ulceration in racehorses in New Zealand","volume":"55","author":"Bell RJW","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bell RJW, Kingston JK, Mogg TD, Perkins NR. The prevalence of gastric ulceration in racehorses in New Zealand. N Z Vet J. 2007;55(1): 13\u201318. doi:10.1080\/00480169.2007.3672910.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00129.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"B22","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-10-S1-S4","article-title":"Prevalence of gastric ulcer syndrome in high-level endurance horses","volume":"43","author":"Tamzali Y","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tamzali Y, Marguet C, Priymenko N, Lyazrhi F. Prevalence of gastric ulcer syndrome in high-level endurance horses. Equine Vet J. 2011;43(2):141\u2013144. doi:10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00129.x10.1186\/1746-6148-10-S1-S4"},{"issue":"1","key":"B23","series-title":"BMC Vet Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13404","article-title":"Effect of pectin, lecithin, and antacid feed supplements (Egusin) on gastric ulcer scores, gastric fluid pH and blood gas values in horses","volume":"10","author":"Woodward MC","year":"2014","unstructured":"Woodward MC, Huff NK, Garza F, Keowen ML, Kearney MT, Andrews FM. Effect of pectin, lecithin, and antacid feed supplements (Egusin) on gastric ulcer scores, gastric fluid pH and blood gas values in horses. BMC Vet Res. 2014;10(1):1\u20138. doi:10.1186\/1746-6148-10-S1-S410.1111\/eve.13404"},{"issue":"5","key":"B24","series-title":"Equine Vet Educ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2010.01049.x","article-title":"Effects of supplements containing turmeric and devil\u2019s claw on equine gastric ulcer scores and gastric juice pH","volume":"34","author":"St. Blanc M","year":"2022","unstructured":"St. Blanc M, Banse H, Retif M, et al. Effects of supplements containing turmeric and devil\u2019s claw on equine gastric ulcer scores and gastric juice pH. Equine Vet Educ. 2022;34(5):241\u2013247. doi:10.1111\/eve.1340410.1111\/j.1439-0396.2010.01049.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"B25","series-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr","first-page":"273","article-title":"Comparison of grass haylage digestibility and metabolic plasma profile in Icelandic and Standardbred horses","volume":"95","author":"Ragnarsson S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ragnarsson S, Jansson A. Comparison of grass haylage digestibility and metabolic plasma profile in Icelandic and Standardbred horses. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 2011;95(3):273\u2013279. doi:10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2010.01049.x"},{"key":"B26","series-title":"Plasma Insulin Concentrations in Icelandic Horses, Individual Variations and Effects of Management Practices","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.221.1156","author":"Torres JC","year":"2016","unstructured":"Torres JC, Carlos J. Plasma Insulin Concentrations in Icelandic Horses, Individual Variations and Effects of Management Practices. 2nd ed. A2E Uppsala; 2016.10.2460\/javma.2002.221.1156"},{"issue":"8","key":"B27","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1996.tb03107.x","article-title":"Associations between age or sex and prevalence of gastric ulceration in Standardbred racehorses in training","volume":"221","author":"Rabuffo TS","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rabuffo TS, Orsini JA, Sullivan E, Engiles J, Norman T, Boston R. Associations between age or sex and prevalence of gastric ulceration in Standardbred racehorses in training. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002;221(8):1156\u20131159. doi:10.2460\/javma.2002.221.115610.1111\/j.2042-3306.1996.tb03107.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/260\/S3\/javma.22.06.0263.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/260\/S3\/javma.22.06.0263.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/260\/S3\/javma.22.06.0263.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T15:11:26Z","timestamp":1727449886000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/260\/S3\/javma.22.06.0263.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.22.06.0263","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]}}}