{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T10:04:06Z","timestamp":1789639446087,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"S3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To determine the effect of a starch-rich treat, added to the daily diet of ponies for 10 days, on enteroinsular responses to meal consumption.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>10 mixed-breed adult ponies owned by Queensland University of Technology were used in the study. Six ponies were metabolically healthy, and 4 were insulin dysregulated at the start of the study, according to the results of an in-feed oral glucose test.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A bread-based treat was offered twice daily for 10 days, adding 0.36 \u00b1 0.04 g\/kg body weight (BW) carbohydrates to the daily diet. Before and after treatment, the intestinal capacity for simple carbohydrate absorption was approximated with a modified D-xylose absorption test. Plasma glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), blood glucose, and serum insulin responses to eating were also measured before and after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The absorption of D-xylose (area under the curve [AUC]) increased 1.6-fold (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001) after 10 days of eating the treat. In addition, while basal (fasted) GLP-2 concentrations were not affected, GLP-2 AUC increased 1.4-fold in response to eating (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .005). The treat did not change blood glucose or serum insulin concentrations, before, during, or after eating.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A small amount of additional carbohydrate each day in the form of a treat can cause a measurable change in the enteroinsular responses to eating.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.22.06.0272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T12:29:57Z","timestamp":1664800197000},"page":"S94-S101","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A starch-rich treat affects enteroinsular responses in ponies"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"260","author":[{"given":"Poppy E. 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