{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T05:24:12Z","timestamp":1741411452919,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Sporadic bacterial cystitis in both dogs and humans is often caused by <jats:italic>Escherichia coli.<\/jats:italic> In humans, nitrofurantoin is a first-line antimicrobial for the treatment of bacterial cystitis but in dogs a lack of available data may be part of the reason it is only recommended as a second-line treatment. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine the plasma pharmacokinetics and urine concentrations of nitrofurantoin monohydrate-macrocrystalline in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>8 healthy female hound dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>From July 26 to July 28, 2021, dogs received a single oral dose of nitrofurantoin monohydrate-macrocrystalline 100 mg with food. Blood and urine were collected at predetermined times. Nitrofurantoin concentrations were assayed by UPLC-MS\/MS and plasma data were analyzed using noncompartmental methods.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Plasma concentrations were low for all dogs with a mean \u00b1 SD maximum concentration (C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) of 0.242 \u00b1 0.098 \u03bcg\/mL (range, 0.14 to 0.42 \u00b5g\/mL) occurring between 2 and 24 hours. Urine concentrations were manyfold higher than for plasma. C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> in urine was 134 \u00b1 54 \u00b5g\/mL (range, 49.1 to 218 \u00b5g\/mL) occurring between 6 and 36 hours. As seen in other species, nitrofurantoin concentrated in urine with concentrations being 500 times higher than the concentration in plasma.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Results suggested that nitrofurantoin monohydrate-macrocrystalline formulation of nitrofurantoin should be effective in treating bacterial cystitis caused by susceptible uropathogens.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.22.12.0549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T13:44:13Z","timestamp":1682689453000},"page":"1174-1180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oral administration of an extended-release formulation of nitrofurantoin results in high concentrations in the urine of dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"261","author":[{"given":"Emma G.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chantelle","family":"Bozynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leslie Brian","family":"Essel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Cohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"1-2","key":"ref1","series-title":"Aust Vet J","first-page":"56","article-title":"A review of the current concepts in canine urinary tract infections","volume":"100","author":"Teh H","year":"2022","unstructured":"Teh H. A review of the current concepts in canine urinary tract infections. Aust Vet J. 2022;100(1-2):56\u201362. doi:10.1111\/avj.13127"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet J","first-page":"22","article-title":"Canine bacterial urinary tract infections: new developments in old pathogens","volume":"190","author":"Thompson MF","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thompson MF, Litster AL, Platell JL, Trott DJ. Canine bacterial urinary tract infections: new developments in old pathogens. Vet J. 2011;190(1):22\u201327. doi:10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.11.013"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref3","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"581","article-title":"Urinary tract infections treatment\/comparative therapeutics","volume":"52","author":"Olin SJ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Olin SJ, Bartges JW. Urinary tract infections treatment\/comparative therapeutics. 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