{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T16:19:04Z","timestamp":1780589944547,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Complications of feeding tube placement are uncommon, but life-threatening pneumothorax has been reported in human and veterinary patients during feeding tube placement. This article describes the development of pneumothorax and the outcome associated with misplacement of nasogastric (NG) tubes in the tracheobronchial tree in 13 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>13 dogs being treated for various medical conditions that had NG tubes placed in 4 hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A review was carried out of the medical records of 13 dogs that developed pneumothorax after misplacement of NG tubes between 2017 and 2022.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>14 dogs out of 4,777 (0.3%) developed pneumothorax as an adverse effect of NG tube misplacement in the tracheobronchial tree. One dog was excluded due to incomplete medical records. The feeding tube size ranged from 5F to 10F, and the most common tubes utilized were polyurethane tubes with flushing stylets. Nine out of 13 dogs developed evidence of respiratory compromise after the NG tube was placed. Eleven dogs required thoracocentesis, and 5 dogs had thoracostomy tubes placed. Five dogs suffered cardiopulmonary arrest after developing pneumothorax, with 3 of 5 undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Two out of 3 dogs that underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation were discharged from the hospital. Five of 13 dogs were successfully discharged from the hospital, while 5 dogs died or were euthanized because of the pneumothorax.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Pneumothorax is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of NG tube placement in dogs and may lead to death if not immediately addressed. Practitioners should be aware of this complication and be ready to perform thoracocentesis quickly if appropriate.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.22.12.0585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T13:04:13Z","timestamp":1683291853000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Outcomes, including death, in dogs with pneumothorax following nasogastric feeding tube misplacement in the tracheobronchial tree: 13 cases (2017\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"261","author":[{"given":"Adesola","family":"Odunayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith't","family":"Hoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara","family":"Osterbur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Veterinary Specialty Center, Bannockburn, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"242","article-title":"Fatal complications of nasogastric tube misplacement in two dogs","volume":"57","author":"Rodriguez-Diaz J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Diaz J, Sumner JP, Miller M. Fatal complications of nasogastric tube misplacement in two dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2021;57(5):242-246. doi:10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-7104"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref2","series-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg","first-page":"429","article-title":"Thoracic complications of nasogastric tube: review of safe practice","volume":"4","author":"Pillai JB","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pillai JB, Vegas A, Brister S. Thoracic complications of nasogastric tube: review of safe practice. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2005;4(5):429-433. doi:10.1510\/icvts.2005.109488"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"577","article-title":"Improved nasogastric intubation technique for administration of nutritional support in dogs","volume":"199","author":"Abood SK","year":"1991","unstructured":"Abood SK, Buffington CA. Improved nasogastric intubation technique for administration of nutritional support in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991;199(5):577-579."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref4","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","first-page":"227","article-title":"Capnographic documentation of nasoesophageal and nasogastric feeding tube placement in dogs","volume":"12","author":"Johnson PA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Johnson PA, Mann F, Dodam J,  Capnographic documentation of nasoesophageal and nasogastric feeding tube placement in dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2002;12(4):227-233. doi:10.1046\/j.1435-6935.2002.00042.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref5","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"625","article-title":"Pulmonary complications of 9931 narrow-bore nasoenteric tubes during blind placement: a critical review","volume":"35","author":"Sparks DA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sparks DA, Chase DM, Coughlin LM, Perry E. Pulmonary complications of 9931 narrow-bore nasoenteric tubes during blind placement: a critical review. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011;35(5):625-629. doi:10.1177\/0148607111413898"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref6","series-title":"J Med Case Rep","first-page":"30","article-title":"Deadly pressure pneumothorax after withdrawal of misplaced feeding tube: a case report","volume":"10","author":"Andresen EN","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andresen EN, Frydland M, Usinger L. Deadly pressure pneumothorax after withdrawal of misplaced feeding tube: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2016;10(1):30. doi:10.1186\/s13256-016-0813-y"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref7","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","first-page":"593","article-title":"A novel placement technique for nasogastric and nasoesophageal tubes","volume":"26","author":"Herring JM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Herring JM. A novel placement technique for nasogastric and nasoesophageal tubes. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2016;26(4):593-597. doi:10.1111\/vec.12474"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Statistics Kingdom","unstructured":"Statistics online. Statistics Kingdom. Accessed September 1, 2022. https:\/\/statskingdom.com"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"531","article-title":"Surgical emergencies of the respiratory system","volume":"30","author":"Ludwig LL","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ludwig LL. Surgical emergencies of the respiratory system. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2000;30(3):531-553, vi. doi:10.1016\/S0195-5616(00)50038-2"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"WB Saunders","article-title":"Textbook of Respiratory Disease in Dogs and Cats","author":"King LG","year":"2004","unstructured":"King LG. Textbook of Respiratory Disease in Dogs and Cats. WB Saunders; 2004."},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Top Companion Anim Med","first-page":"100582","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumothorax: management and prognosis","volume":"45","author":"Gilday C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gilday C, Odunayo A, Hespel A-M. Spontaneous pneumothorax: management and prognosis. Top Companion Anim Med. 2021;45:100582. doi:10.1016\/j.tcam.2021.100582"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"ref12","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","first-page":"S102","article-title":"American College of Veterinary Medicine. Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society. RECOVER evidence and knowledge gap analysis on veterinary CPR. Part 7: clinical guidelines","volume":"22","author":"Fletcher DJ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fletcher DJ, Boller M, Brainard BM, ; American College of Veterinary Medicine. Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society. RECOVER evidence and knowledge gap analysis on veterinary CPR. Part 7: clinical guidelines. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2012;22(suppl 1):S102-S131. doi:10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2012.00757.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","series-title":"Pediatr Nurs","first-page":"17","article-title":"Nasogastric tube placement verification in pediatric and neonatal patients","volume":"35","author":"Farrington M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Farrington M, Lang S, Cullen L, Stewart S. Nasogastric tube placement verification in pediatric and neonatal patients. Pediatr Nurs. 2009;35(1):17-24."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref14","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"210","article-title":"A controlled comparison of traditional feeding tube verification methods to a bedside, electromagnetic technique","volume":"25","author":"Kearns PJ","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kearns PJ, Donna C. A controlled comparison of traditional feeding tube verification methods to a bedside, electromagnetic technique. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2001;25(4):210-215. doi:10.1177\/0148607101025004210"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref15","series-title":"Crit Care Nurse","first-page":"67","article-title":"Novel Project Work Group. Nasogastric tube placement and verification in children: review of the current literature","volume":"34","author":"Irving SY","year":"2014","unstructured":"Irving SY, Lyman B, Northington L, Bartlett JA, Kemper C; Novel Project Work Group. Nasogastric tube placement and verification in children: review of the current literature. Crit Care Nurse. 2014;34(3):67-78. doi:10.4037\/ccn2014606"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","series-title":"Arch Intern Med","first-page":"184","article-title":"Pneumothorax due to nasogastric feeding tubes. Report of four cases, review of the literature, and recommendations for prevention","volume":"149","author":"Roubenoff R","year":"1989","unstructured":"Roubenoff R, Ravich WJ. Pneumothorax due to nasogastric feeding tubes. Report of four cases, review of the literature, and recommendations for prevention. Arch Intern Med. 1989;149(1):184-188. doi:10.1001\/archinte.149.1.184"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref17","series-title":"Anaesthesist","first-page":"229","article-title":"Pneumothorax nach Anlage einer Magensonde: Darstellung eines Fallbeispiels und Literaturreview","volume":"59","author":"Hensel M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hensel M, Marnitz R. Pneumothorax nach Anlage einer Magensonde: Darstellung eines Fallbeispiels und Literaturreview. Anaesthesist. 2010;59(3):229-232, 234. doi:10.1007\/s00101-010-1683-0"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/261\/10\/javma.22.12.0585.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/261\/10\/javma.22.12.0585.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/261\/10\/javma.22.12.0585.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T04:26:32Z","timestamp":1754108792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/261\/10\/javma.22.12.0585.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.22.12.0585","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]}}}