{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:34:39Z","timestamp":1790638479561,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine the prevalence of lobomycosis, a mycotic infection of dolphins and humans caused by a yeastlike organism (<jats:italic>Lacazia loboi<\/jats:italic>), among dolphins in the Indian River Lagoon in Florida.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014146 Atlantic bottlenose dolphins.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Comprehensive health assessments of bottlenose dolphins in the Indian River Lagoon of Florida (n = 75) and in estuarine waters near Charleston, SC (71), were conducted during 2003 and 2004. Bottlenose dolphins were captured, examined, and released. Skin lesions were photographed and then biopsied. Tissue sections were stained with H&amp;E and Gomori methenamine silver stains for identification of <jats:italic>L loboi<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u20149 of 30 (30%) dolphins captured in the southern portion of the Indian River Lagoon had lobomycosis, whereas none of the 45 dolphins captured in the northern portion of the lagoon or of the 71 dolphins captured near Charleston, SC, did. Affected dolphins had low serum alkaline phosphatase activities and high acute-phase protein concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest that lobomycosis may be occurring in epidemic proportions among dolphins in the Indian River Lagoon. Localization of the disease to the southern portion of the lagoon, an area characterized by freshwater intrusion and lower salinity, suggests that exposure to environmental stressors may be contributing to the high prevalence of the disease, but specific factors are unknown. Because only dolphins and humans are naturally susceptible to infection, dolphins may represent a sentinel species for an emerging infectious disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.1.104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,20]],"date-time":"2006-01-20T22:23:30Z","timestamp":1137795810000},"page":"104-108","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Lobomycosis in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"John S.","family":"Reif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn S.","family":"Mazzoil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"McCulloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rene A.","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juli D.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Fair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Bossart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Clinical mycology","first-page":"456","article-title":"Cutaneous and subcutaneous mycoses","author":"Hay","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Int J Dermatol","first-page":"324","article-title":"Lobomycosis","volume":"32","author":"Rodriguez-Toro","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Med Mycol","first-page":"263","article-title":"Isolation of fungal rDNA from bottlenose dolphin skin infected with Loboa 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NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 10","first-page":"39","article-title":"Lymphocyte proliferation, NK-cell activity, and lysozyme activity in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins captured as part of the Health and Risk Assessment Project: preliminary data summary 2003 and 2004","author":"Peden-Adams","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/228\/1\/javma.228.1.104.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/228\/1\/javma.228.1.104.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/228\/1\/javma.228.1.104.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T14:06:53Z","timestamp":1741356413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/228\/1\/javma.228.1.104.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.228.1.104","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]]}}}