{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T22:13:32Z","timestamp":1768256012787,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Case Description<\/jats:bold>\u2014A 4-month-old Bernese Mountain Dog was examined because of shifting hind limb lameness and lethargy of 2 weeks' duration.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Findings<\/jats:bold>\u2014The lameness was attributed to hypertrophic osteodystrophy. Portosystemic shunting was suspected on the basis of low serum albumin concentration and high serum bile acids concentration, and an intrahepatic shunt was identified ultrasono-graphically. Celiotomy was performed, and the shunt was partially closed with a cellophane band. During follow-up ultrasonography 7 months later, dilation of the left renal pelvis and proximal portion of the left ureter was identified. During exploratory celiotomy, the left ureter was found to pass dorsal to the caudal vena cava, and circumcaval ureter was diagnosed.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Treatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\u2014The ureter was transected, repositioned ventral to the vena cava, and anastomosed. Follow-up ultrasonographic examinations revealed gradual resolution of the hydronephrosis and hydroureter.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Findings suggest that circumcaval ureter should be considered in the differential diagnosis for hydronephrosis and hydroureter in dogs. Partial obstruction of the middle segment of the ureter on ultrasonograms or contrast radiographs should increase the index of suspicion for this condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.3.389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,31]],"date-time":"2006-01-31T22:18:09Z","timestamp":1138745889000},"page":"389-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Circumcaval ureter associated with an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in a dog"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"Ross T.","family":"Doust","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen P.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gawain","family":"Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calum","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Pediatr Surg Int","first-page":"158","article-title":"Retrocaval ureter in children: a report of two cases","volume":"20","author":"Soundappan","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci","first-page":"127","article-title":"Retrocaval ureter: report of two cases and literature review","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Postgrad Med","first-page":"19","article-title":"Circumcaval ureter","volume":"44","author":"Pandya","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Surg Radiol Anat","first-page":"147","article-title":"Retrocaval ureter and preaortic iliac venous confluence in a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm","volume":"21","author":"Shindo","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"572","article-title":"Left retrocaval ureter associated with Goldenhar syndrome (branchial arch syndrome)","volume":"158","author":"Ishitoya","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Urology","first-page":"356","article-title":"Nonobstructive right circumcaval ureter associated with double inferior vena cava","volume":"41","author":"Sener","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"1047","article-title":"Left preureteral vena cava (retrocaval or circumcaval ureter) associated with partial situs inversus","volume":"145","author":"Watanabe","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Actas Urol Esp","first-page":"107","article-title":"Non-obstructive retrocaval ureter [Spanish]","volume":"29","author":"Cao Avellaneda","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Urologe A","first-page":"708","article-title":"Retrocaval ureter [German]","volume":"43","author":"Friebel","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak","first-page":"359","article-title":"Retrocaval ureter","volume":"13","author":"Nawaz","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Br J Urol","first-page":"399","article-title":"Selection of operative procedure for circumcaval ureter (type I). A rational approach","volume":"57","author":"Kumar","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Urol (Paris)","first-page":"175","article-title":"Retrocaval ureter. Apropos of 6 cases [French]","volume":"99","author":"Njeh","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Pediatr Surg","first-page":"E23","article-title":"Maternal exposure to diethylene glycol monomethyl ether: a possible role in the etiology of retrocaval ureter","volume":"37","author":"Karaman","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Int Urol Nephrol","first-page":"19","article-title":"Retrocaval ureter and associated abnormalities","volume":"33","author":"Perimenis","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Fundam Appl Toxicol","first-page":"68","article-title":"Teratologic evaluation of dermally applied diethylene glycol monomethyl ether in rabbits","volume":"7","author":"Scortichini","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Urology","first-page":"142","article-title":"Retrocaval ureter with intestinal malrotation","volume":"62","author":"Mitchell","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"J Endourol","first-page":"721","article-title":"Contemporary diagnosis of retrocaval ureter","volume":"13","author":"Pienkny","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/228\/3\/javma.228.3.389.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/228\/3\/javma.228.3.389.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/228\/3\/javma.228.3.389.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:59:19Z","timestamp":1741355959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/228\/3\/javma.228.3.389.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.228.3.389","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]]}}}