{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T15:22:09Z","timestamp":1770218529648,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the use of simultaneous fluoroscopic and transthoracic echocardiographic guidance during transarterial coil placement for embolization of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Descriptive report.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u20143 dogs with PDA.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Each dog was anesthetized, and a femoral artery was exposed for vascular access. By use of an introducer, a catheter was placed in the thoracic portion of the descending aorta with fluoroscopic guidance, and subsequently, a bolus of iodinated radiographic contrast material was injected to outline the ductus. Under fluoroscopic guidance, 1 coil was positioned in the ductus, but not released. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to ensure that 1 loop of the coil was located in the pulmonary artery. When &gt; 1 loop or no loops were detected in the pulmonary artery, the coil was retrieved and repositioned; when 1 loop of the coil was detected in the pulmonary artery, the coil was detached. After catheter removal, the femoral artery was ligated and the wound was closed.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014In all 3 dogs, successful embolization of the PDA was achieved. Echocardiography prevented unintentional pulmonary artery embolization in 1 dog and suboptimal coil placement in the other 2 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014In addition to fluoroscopic control, transthoracic echocardiography appears to aid the appropriate positioning of a transarterial coil for treatment of PDA in dogs. Although transesophageal echocardiography would likely provide better images of the ductus, transthoracic echocardiography is a much cheaper, less specialized, and more widely available alternative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.6.881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,14]],"date-time":"2006-03-14T22:09:27Z","timestamp":1142374167000},"page":"881-884","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Use of simultaneous fluoroscopic and echocardiographic guidance during transarterial coil placement for embolization of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"Viktor","family":"Szatm\u00e1ri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnold A.","family":"Stokhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Current veterinary therapy XI: small animal practice","first-page":"647","article-title":"Causes and prevalence of cardiovascular disease","author":"Buchanan","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim)","first-page":"168","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"9","author":"Buchanan","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"724","article-title":"Treatment of patent ductus arteriosus by placement of intravascular coils in a pup","volume":"207","author":"Snaps","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"452","article-title":"Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus using occluding spring coils","volume":"14","author":"Stokhof","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"222","article-title":"Transvenous embolization of small patent ductus arteriosus with single detachable coils in dogs","volume":"15","author":"Schneider","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"325","article-title":"Transarterial coil embolization of patent ductus arteriosus in small dogs with 0.025-inch vascular occlusion coils: 10 cases","volume":"18","author":"Hogan","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"153","article-title":"Hemolysis associated with patent ductus arteriosus coil embolization in a dog","volume":"15","author":"Van Israel","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"663","article-title":"Pulmonary embolization of vascular occlusion coils in dogs with patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"18","author":"Saunders","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"136","article-title":"Retrieval of a patent ductus arteriosus coil following embolisation to the right subclavian artery","volume":"43","author":"Van Israel","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Vet Cardiol","first-page":"21","article-title":"Percutaneous angiography of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs: techniques, results and implications for intravascular occlusion","volume":"5","author":"Schneider","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"J Vet Cardiol","first-page":"7","article-title":"Catheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs: variation in ductal size requires different techniques","volume":"5","author":"Glaus","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"247","article-title":"Recommendations for standards in transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography in the dog and cat","volume":"7","author":"Thomas","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Vet Cardiol","first-page":"32","article-title":"Use of transesophageal echocardiography for visualization of the patent ductus arteriosus during transcatheter coil embolization","volume":"6","author":"Pariaut","year":"2004"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical 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