{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T14:43:54Z","timestamp":1774017834177,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Case Description<\/jats:bold>\u2014A 19-year-old Thoroughbred mare was evaluated at 265 days of gestation with a markedly distended abdomen and edema of the ventral portion of the abdomen.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Findings<\/jats:bold>\u2014The uterus was distended over the pelvic rim, making transrectal palpation of the fetus impossible. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed excessive amounts of fetal fluid. Results of analysis of fluid obtained via amnio- and allantocentesis confirmed that the amniotic cavity was large.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Treatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\u2014The mare was monitored for signs of weakness of the prepubic tendon and abdominal wall. The fetus and placenta were monitored for signs of stress and pending abortion. Flunixin meglumine and altrenogest were administered to the mare. Parturition was attended and occurred at 321 days' gestation. Postpartum complications in the mare included hypovolemic shock and cardiac arrhythmias. Both conditions were treated, and the mare recovered. The foal was considered small, had bilateral angular limb deformities, and was unable to nurse. The foal was given plasma for failure of passive transfer of immunity. Ten months later, the foal underwent procedures to correct limb deformities.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Hydrops conditions are rare in horses, with hydrops allantois occurring more frequently than hydrops amnion; reportedly result in fetal or neonatal death; and may result in death of or injury to the mare. Close monitoring of maternal and fetal health in combination with supportive treatment of the mare can result in the safe progression of a hydrops pregnancy and the birth of a live foal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.8.1228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,17]],"date-time":"2006-04-17T14:05:12Z","timestamp":1145282712000},"page":"1228-1233","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Management of hydrops amnion in a mare resulting in birth of a live foal"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"Bruce W.","family":"Christensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mats H. T.","family":"Troedsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracy A.","family":"Murchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margorzata A.","family":"Pozor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margo L.","family":"Macpherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amara H.","family":"Estrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie A.","family":"Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Mackay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Langlois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"533","article-title":"Ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetus and intrauterine environment in healthy mares during late gestation","volume":"36","author":"Reef","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Annu Am Assoc Equine Pract Conv","first-page":"256","article-title":"Transrectal ultrasonography of the placenta in normal mares and mares with pending abortion: a field study, in Proceedings.","author":"Troedsson","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"200","article-title":"Ultrasonographic assessment of fetal well-being during late gestation: development of an equine biophysical 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mare","volume":"204","author":"Sertich","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"334","article-title":"Hydramnios causing uterine rupture in a mare","volume":"193","author":"Honnas","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Theriogenology","first-page":"1251","article-title":"Biochemical characteristics of amniotic and allantoic fluid in late gestational mares","volume":"40","author":"Williams","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Biol Reprod Mono","first-page":"39","article-title":"Electrolytes and biochemical enzymes in amniotic and allantoic fluid of the equine fetus during late gestation","volume":"1","author":"Paccamonti","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Equine diagnostic ultrasound","first-page":"425","article-title":"Fetal ultrasonography.","author":"Reef","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"259","article-title":"Preliminary studies of mammary secretions in the mare to assess foetal readiness for birth","volume":"16","author":"Ousey","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Large animal internal medicine","first-page":"88","article-title":"Alterations in cardiovascular and hemolymphatic systems.","author":"McGuirk","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Veterinary reproduction and obstetrics","first-page":"41","article-title":"The development of the conceptus.","author":"Arthur","year":"1975"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Mare Reprod Symp Soc Theriogenol","first-page":"122","article-title":"The equine placenta before and after birth: recognition of normal features and appreciation of lesions of clinical importance, in Proceedings.","author":"Schlafer","year":"1996"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical 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