{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:58:36Z","timestamp":1777615116688,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Case Description<\/jats:bold>\u2014A 4-year-old Thoroughbred mare was evaluated because of placental abnormalities and a retained placental remnant.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Findings<\/jats:bold>\u2014Microbial culture of the placenta yielded pure growth of <jats:italic>Amycolatopsis<\/jats:italic> spp. Histologic examination of the placenta revealed a focally expanding chorionitis with intralesional gram-positive filamentous bacilli and multifocal allantoic adenomatous hyperplasia on the apposing allantoic surface.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Treatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\u2014Treatment with lavage and oxytocin resulted in expulsion of the placental remnant within hours of parturition. The mare did not become pregnant again despite multiple breedings. The foal appeared healthy but died of complications during an elective surgical procedure at 7 weeks of age.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014To the author's knowledge, all previously confirmed cases of nocardioform placentitis have been in mares bred in the central Kentucky region. Indications that the pathogen in the mare reported here is a different species than that isolated in Kentucky suggest that this is an emerging disease. Mares with nocardioform placentitis usually do not have the same clinical signs as mares with placentitis resulting from an ascending pathogen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.8.1234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,17]],"date-time":"2006-04-17T14:05:12Z","timestamp":1145282712000},"page":"1234-1239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Nocardioform placentitis with isolation of Amycolatopsis spp in a Florida-bred mare"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"Bruce W.","family":"Christensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata A.","family":"Pozor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steeve","family":"Giguere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen F.","family":"Sells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","first-page":"333","article-title":"Equine abortion and premature birth associated with Cellulosimicrobium cellulans infection","volume":"16","author":"Bolin","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"476","article-title":"The effects of maternal age and parity on placental and fetal development in the mare","volume":"35","author":"Wilsher","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract","first-page":"443","article-title":"Emergent causes of placentitis and abortion","volume":"16","author":"Donahue","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol","first-page":"2169","article-title":"Crossiella equi sp. nov., isolated from equine placentas","volume":"52","author":"Donahue","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol","first-page":"1601","article-title":"Amycolatopsis kentuckyensis sp. nov., Amycolatopsis lexingtonensis sp. nov. and Amycolatopsis pretoriensis sp. nov., isolated from equine placentas","volume":"53","author":"Labeda","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Mol Biol","first-page":"403","article-title":"Basic local alignment search tool","volume":"215","author":"Altschul","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol","first-page":"1145","article-title":"Reclassification of Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM 46095 as Amycolatopsis reifamycinca sp. nov","volume":"54","author":"Bala","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Syst Appl Microbiol","first-page":"38","article-title":"Three new antibiotic producing species of the genus Amycolatopsis, Amycolatopsis balhimycina sp. nov., A. tolypomycina sp. nov., A. vancouresmycina sp. nov., and description of Amycolatopsis keratiniphilia subsp. keratiniphila sp. nov., and A. keratiniphilia subsp. 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