{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:57:24Z","timestamp":1792450644497,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine whether an infiltrative block with liposomal bupivacaine was associated with less rescue analgesia administration and lower pain scores than a bupivacaine splash block after ovariohysterectomy in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eligible dogs included those that were spayed as part of a veterinary teaching laboratory. Dogs were up to 7 years old and otherwise healthy. A total of 136 dogs were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All dogs underwent ovariohysterectomy performed by veterinary students. Dogs received hydromorphone and acepromazine premedication, propofol induction, isoflurane maintenance, and an NSAID. Dogs were randomly allocated to receive either a splash block with standard bupivacaine or an infiltrative block with liposomal bupivacaine for incisional analgesia. Postoperatively, all dogs were assessed by a blinded evaluator using the Colorado State University\u2013Canine Acute Pain Scale (CSU-CAPS) and Glasgow Composite Measures Pain Scale\u2013Short Form (GCPS-SF). Dogs received rescue analgesia with buprenorphine if they scored \u2265 2 on the CSU-CAPS scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dogs that received liposomal bupivacaine had a significantly lower incidence of (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .04) and longer time to (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .03) administration of rescue analgesia. There was an overall time-averaged significant difference between groups for CSU-CAPS (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .049) and GCPS-SF scores (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .015), with dogs in the bupivacaine group being more likely to have an elevated pain score at some point for both scales.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of liposomal bupivacaine in an infiltrative block may decrease the need for rescue analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy compared to a bupivacaine splash block.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.01.0057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]],"date-time":"2023-07-05T13:58:12Z","timestamp":1688565492000},"page":"1673-1682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A liposomal bupivacaine infiltrative block reduces rescue analgesia administration compared to a bupivacaine splash block after canine ovariohysterectomy in a teaching laboratory"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"261","author":[{"given":"Emily P.","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda L.","family":"Abelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"April L.","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily C.","family":"McCobb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"67","article-title":"2015 AAHA\/AAFP pain management guidelines for dogs and cats","volume":"51","author":"Epstein M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Epstein M, Rodan I, Griffenhagen G,  2015 AAHA\/AAFP pain management guidelines for dogs and cats. 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