{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T23:09:28Z","timestamp":1774393768232,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To compare the success rates for urethral catheterization in clinical patients using the traditional and 2-catheter techniques when placed by personnel of all experience levels.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>38 female cats and dogs weighing less than 10 kg were prospectively enrolled.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Enrolled animals were randomized to have a urethral catheter placed by the traditional technique or the 2-catheter method under sedation or general anesthesia. Any qualified hospital personnel of any experience level were allowed to place the catheter. If after 5 minutes the animal was not successfully catheterized, the alternate method was performed. The previous experience of the catheter placer, animal signalment, animal condition that necessitated catheter placement, time to successful placement, and which technique was successful was recorded.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The 2-catheter technique was more successful than the traditional method (60.5% and 34.2%, respectively) for urethral catheterization when used by a variety of hospital personnel. The 2-catheter technique was successful in 63.3% of dogs and 66.6% of cats, while the traditional method was successful in 36.6% of dogs and 33.3% of cats. Eight of 9 (88.9%) novice catheter placers that placed their first urinary catheter in this study succeeded with the 2-catheter technique and only 1 was successful with the traditional method.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The 2-catheter technique has a higher rate of success for placement of female urinary catheters in small patients that are unable to have concurrent digital palpation. This technique may also be helpful in the inexperienced catheter placer population to aid in guidance into the urethral papilla.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.04.0209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T14:42:48Z","timestamp":1692196968000},"page":"1623-1627","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A novel two-catheter method for urethral catheterization improves success rates of urethral catheterization in female dogs and cats weighing less than ten kilograms"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"261","author":[{"given":"Josephine A.","family":"Dornbusch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Page E.","family":"Yaxley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley C.","family":"Hechler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bark City Veterinary Specialists, Park City, UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie K.","family":"Byron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Selmic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","first-page":"597","article-title":"A novel insertion technique for urinary catheters in female dogs with the use of a guidewire","volume":"30","author":"Robben JH","year":"2020","unstructured":"Robben JH. A novel insertion technique for urinary catheters in female dogs with the use of a guidewire. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2020;30(5):597-600. doi:10.1111\/vec.12999"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref2","series-title":"Aust Vet J","first-page":"364","article-title":"Urinary catheterisation of female dogs: a comparison between three techniques for catheter placement","volume":"98","author":"Tipler AE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tipler AE, Moses EA, Greer R, Delisser P, McCracken BD, Moses PA. Urinary catheterisation of female dogs: a comparison between three techniques for catheter placement. Aust Vet J. 2020;98(8):364-370. doi:10.1111\/avj.12961"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"395","article-title":"Urethral catheterization","author":"Aldrich J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aldrich J. Urethral catheterization. In: Burkitt Creedon JM, Davis H, eds. Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care. John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2012:395-408."},{"issue":"5","key":"ref4","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"448","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial to evaluate a novel two-catheter technique for urethral catheterization in anesthetized healthy female cats and small dogs","volume":"81","author":"Abrams BE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abrams BE, Selmic LE, Howard J,  Randomized controlled trial to evaluate a novel two-catheter technique for urethral catheterization in anesthetized healthy female cats and small dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2020;81(5):448-452. doi:10.2460\/ajvr.81.5.448"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref5","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"1147","article-title":"Veterinary student urethral catheterization of small female cats and dogs using 2 urethral catheterization techniques","volume":"63","author":"Dornbusch JA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dornbusch JA, Selmic LE, Sadowitz PM,  Veterinary student urethral catheterization of small female cats and dogs using 2 urethral catheterization techniques. Can Vet J. 2022;63(11):1147-1152."},{"issue":"8","key":"ref6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1","article-title":"Urethral catheterization of small female cats and dogs weighing less than ten kilograms: the two-catheter technique","volume":"261","author":"Dornbusch JA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dornbusch JA, Vojt T, Selmic LE. Urethral catheterization of small female cats and dogs weighing less than ten kilograms: the two-catheter technique. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023;261(8):1. doi:10.2460\/javma.23.05.0282"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Anim Health Econ","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pet healthcare in the US: are there enough veterinary nurses\/technicians? Is there adequate training capacity?","author":"Lloyd JW","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lloyd JW. Pet healthcare in the US: are there enough veterinary nurses\/technicians? Is there adequate training capacity? Anim Health Econ. 2021:1-7."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/261\/11\/javma.23.04.0209.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/261\/11\/javma.23.04.0209.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/261\/11\/javma.23.04.0209.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:02:45Z","timestamp":1741352565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/261\/11\/javma.23.04.0209.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.23.04.0209","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]}}}