{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:44:26Z","timestamp":1792827866219,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is an international and quintessential One Health problem. This paper synthesizes recent knowledge in One Health, binational RMSF concerns, and veterinary and human medical perspectives to this fatal, reemerging problem.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    RMSF, a life-threatening tick-borne disease caused by the bacterium\n                    <jats:italic>Rickettsia rickettsii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , emerged during the first decade of the 21st century in impoverished communities in the southwestern US and northern Mexico. Lack of an index of suspicion, delay in diagnosis, and delayed initiation of antibiotic treatment contribute to fatality. Campaigns targeting dog neutering, restraint to residents\u2019 properties, and on-dog and on-premises treatment with acaricides temporarily reduce prevalence but are often untenable economically. Contemporary Mexican RMSF is hyperendemic in small communities and cities, whereas epidemics occur in the western US primarily in small tribal communities. In in both locations, the epidemics are fueled by free-roaming dogs and massive brown dog tick populations. In the US, RMSF has a case fatality rate of 5% to 7%; among thousands of annual cases in Mexico, case fatality often exceeds 30%.\n                    <jats:sup>1,2<\/jats:sup>\n                    Numerous case patients in US border states have recent travel histories to northern Mexico.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Veterinarians and physicians should alert the public to RMSF risk, methods of prevention, and the importance of urgent treatment with doxycycline if symptomatic. One Health professionals contribute ideas to manage ticks and rickettsial disease and provide broad education for the public and medical professionals. Novel management approaches include vaccine development and deployment, acaricide resistance monitoring, and modeling to guide targeted dog population management and other interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.07.0377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T08:15:38Z","timestamp":1709108138000},"page":"698-704","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The emergence of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico requires a binational One Health approach"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"262","author":[{"given":"Janet","family":"Foley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"\u00c1lvarez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura H.","family":"Backus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Kjemtrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vector-Borne Disease Section, California Department of Health Services, Sacramento, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s M.","family":"Lop\u00e9z-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA"},{"name":"Red de Biolog\u00eda y Conservaci\u00f3n de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda, Veracruz, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Paddock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Rubino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar E.","family":"Zazueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Servicios de Salud P\u00fablica del Estado de Baja California, Mexicali, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","series-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases: Rocky Mountain spotted fever and other spotted fever group rickettsioses, ehrlichioses, and anaplasmosis\u2014United States","volume":"65","author":"Biggs HM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Biggs HM, Behravesh CB, Bradley KK,  Diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases: Rocky Mountain spotted fever and other spotted fever group rickettsioses, ehrlichioses, and anaplasmosis\u2014United States. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2016;65(2):1-44. doi:10.15585\/mmwr.rr6502a1"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref2","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"e189","article-title":"Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Mexico: past, present, and future","volume":"17","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Hern\u00e1ndez G","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez-Hern\u00e1ndez G, Rold\u00e1n JFG, Milan NSH, Lash RR, Behravesh CB, Paddock CD. Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Mexico: past, present, and future. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(6):e189-e196. doi:10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30173-1"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Rev Inst Salubr Enferm Trop","first-page":"189","article-title":"Una nueva rickettsiosis en M\u00e9xico. Existencia de la Fiebre Manchada americana en los estados de Sinaloa y Sonora","volume":"4","author":"Bustamante M","year":"1943","unstructured":"Bustamante M, Varela G. Una nueva rickettsiosis en M\u00e9xico. Existencia de la Fiebre Manchada americana en los estados de Sinaloa y Sonora. Rev Inst Salubr Enferm Trop. 1943;4:189-211."},{"issue":"9","key":"ref4","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e0010738","article-title":"A forty-year review of Rocky Mountain spotted fever cases in California shows clinical and epidemiologic changes","volume":"16","author":"Kjemtrup AM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kjemtrup AM, Padgett K, Paddock CD,  A forty-year review of Rocky Mountain spotted fever cases in California shows clinical and epidemiologic changes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022;16(9):e0010738. doi:10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010738"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"418","article-title":"Rickettsia rickettsii in Rhipicephalus ticks, Mexicali, Mexico","volume":"48","author":"Eremeeva ME","year":"2011","unstructured":"Eremeeva ME, Zambrano ML, Anaya L,  Rickettsia rickettsii in Rhipicephalus ticks, Mexicali, Mexico. J Med Entomol. 2011;48(2):418-421. doi:10.1603\/me10181"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref6","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"2305","article-title":"Effect of temperature on host preference in two lineages of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus","volume":"104","author":"Backus LH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Backus LH, L\u00f3pez P\u00e9rez AM, Foley JE. Effect of temperature on host preference in two lineages of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021;104(6):2305-2311. doi:10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1376"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref7","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e338","article-title":"Warmer weather linked to tick attack and emergence of severe rickettsioses","volume":"2","author":"Parola P","year":"2008","unstructured":"Parola P, Socolovschi C, Jeanjean L,  Warmer weather linked to tick attack and emergence of severe rickettsioses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008;2(11):e338. doi:10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000338"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiol\u00f3gica. Direcci\u00f3n General de Epidemiolog\u00eda","article-title":"Boletines epidemiol\u00f3gicos hist\u00f3ricos","author":"Secretar\u00eda de Salud M\u00e9xico","year":"2023","unstructured":"Secretar\u00eda de Salud M\u00e9xico. Boletines epidemiol\u00f3gicos hist\u00f3ricos. Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiol\u00f3gica. Direcci\u00f3n General de Epidemiolog\u00eda. 2023. Accessed January 12, 2024. https:\/\/www.gob.mx\/salud\/acciones-y-programas\/historico-boletin-epidemiologico"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref9","series-title":"Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex","first-page":"303","article-title":"Fiebre manchada de monta\u00f1as rocosas: experiencia en 5 a\u00f1os de vigilancia activa en un hospital pedi\u00e1trico de segundo nivel en el noreste de M\u00e9xico","volume":"75","author":"L\u00f3pez-Castillo DC","year":"2018","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Castillo DC, Vaquera-Aparicio D, Gonz\u00e1lez-Soto MA, Mart\u00ednez-Ram\u00edrez R, Rodr\u00edguez-Mu\u00f1oz L, Sol\u00f3rzano-Santos F. Fiebre manchada de monta\u00f1as rocosas: experiencia en 5 a\u00f1os de vigilancia activa en un hospital pedi\u00e1trico de segundo nivel en el noreste de M\u00e9xico. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2018;75(5):303-308."},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"El Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiol\u00f3gica","author":"Informaci\u00f3n epidemiol\u00f3gica: direcci\u00f3n general de epidemiolog\u00eda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Informaci\u00f3n epidemiol\u00f3gica: direcci\u00f3n general de epidemiolog\u00eda. El Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiol\u00f3gica. 2023. Accessed January 6, 2024. https:\/\/www.gob.mx\/salud\/acciones-y-programas\/informacion-epidemiologica"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"RadioFormula Sonora","unstructured":"28 sonorenses han muerto por Rickettsia; Urgen a fumigar hogares y cuidar mascotas. RadioFormula Sonora. July 12, 2022. Accessed February 6, 2023. https:\/\/www.radioformula.com.mx\/sonora\/2022\/7\/12\/28-sonorenses-han-muerto-por-rickettsia-urgen-fumigar-hogares-cuidar-mascotas-723543.html"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"El Heraldo de Chihuahua","article-title":"Reportan 135 casos de rickettsia en el estado; 41 de ellos perdieron la vida","author":"Rivas V","unstructured":"Rivas V. Reportan 135 casos de rickettsia en el estado; 41 de ellos perdieron la vida. El Heraldo de Chihuahua. October 4, 2022. Accessed February 13, 2024. https:\/\/www.elheraldodechihuahua.com.mx\/local\/chihuahua\/reportan-135-casos-de-rickettsia-en-el-estado-41-de-ellos-perdieron-la-vida-8979834.html"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref13","series-title":"Pathogens","first-page":"552","article-title":"Possible association between selected tick-borne pathogen prevalence and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato infestation in dogs from Juarez City (Chihuahua), northwest Mexico-US border","volume":"11","author":"Beristain-Ruiz DM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Beristain-Ruiz DM, Garza-Hern\u00e1ndez JA, Figueroa-Mill\u00e1n JV,  Possible association between selected tick-borne pathogen prevalence and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato infestation in dogs from Juarez City (Chihuahua), northwest Mexico-US border. Pathogens. 2022;11(5):552. doi:10.3390\/pathogens11050552"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Master\u2019s thesis","article-title":"Detecci\u00f3n de Especies del G\u00e9nero Rickettsia por PCR en Pacientes del Sector Salud y An\u00e1lisis de Factores de Riesgo en Mexicali, Baja California","author":"G\u00f3mez-Castellanos P","year":"2015","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Castellanos P. Detecci\u00f3n de Especies del G\u00e9nero Rickettsia por PCR en Pacientes del Sector Salud y An\u00e1lisis de Factores de Riesgo en Mexicali, Baja California. Master\u2019s thesis. Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California; 2015. https:\/\/repositorioinstitucional.uabc.mx\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/d66d2642-08aa-4de5-8fc7-4fe0a1ba6ffd\/content"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref15","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1567","article-title":"Rocky Mountain spotted fever in a large metropolitan center, Mexico-United States border, 2009-2019","volume":"27","author":"Zazueta OE","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zazueta OE, Armstrong PA, M\u00e1rquez-Elguea A,  Rocky Mountain spotted fever in a large metropolitan center, Mexico-United States border, 2009-2019. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021;27(6):1567-1576. doi:10.3201\/eid2706.191662"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"22","article-title":"Unbiased assessment of abundance of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks, canine exposure to spotted fever group Rickettsia, and risk factors in Mexicali, M\u00e9xico","volume":"101","author":"Foley J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Foley J, Tinoco-Gracia L, Rodriguez-Lomel\u00ed M,  Unbiased assessment of abundance of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks, canine exposure to spotted fever group Rickettsia, and risk factors in Mexicali, M\u00e9xico. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019;101(1):22-32. doi:10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0878"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","series-title":"Gac Med Mex","first-page":"42","article-title":"Seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a riquetsiosis (Rickettsia rickettsii) en humanos de Ensenada, Baja California, M\u00e9xico","volume":"151","author":"Field-Cortazares J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Field-Cortazares J, Esc\u00e1rcega-\u00c1vila AM, L\u00f3pez-Valencia G, Barreras-Serrano A, Tinoco-Gracia L. Seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a riquetsiosis (Rickettsia rickettsii) en humanos de Ensenada, Baja California, M\u00e9xico. Gac Med Mex. 2015;151(1):42-46."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref18","series-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci","first-page":"338","article-title":"Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Arizona: documentation of heavy environmental infestations of Rhipicephalus sanguineus at an endemic site","volume":"1078","author":"Nicholson WL","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nicholson WL, Paddock CD, Demma L,  Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Arizona: documentation of heavy environmental infestations of Rhipicephalus sanguineus at an endemic site. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006;1078(1):338-341. doi:10.1196\/annals.1374.065"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","series-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis","first-page":"423","article-title":"Serologic evidence for exposure to Rickettsia rickettsii in eastern Arizona and recent emergence of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in this region","volume":"6","author":"Demma LJ","year":"2006","unstructured":"Demma LJ, Traeger M, Blau D,  Serologic evidence for exposure to Rickettsia rickettsii in eastern Arizona and recent emergence of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in this region. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2006;6(4):423-429. doi:10.1089\/vbz.2006.6.423"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref20","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"587","article-title":"Rocky Mountain spotted fever from an unexpected tick vector in Arizona","volume":"353","author":"Demma LJ","year":"2005","unstructured":"Demma LJ, Traeger MS, Nicholson WL,  Rocky Mountain spotted fever from an unexpected tick vector in Arizona. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(6):587-594. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa050043"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref21","series-title":"Zoonoses Public Health","first-page":"85","article-title":"Evidence of exposure to spotted fever group rickettsiae among Arizona dogs outside a previously documented outbreak area","volume":"58","author":"McQuiston JH","year":"2011","unstructured":"McQuiston JH, Guerra MA, Watts MR,  Evidence of exposure to spotted fever group rickettsiae among Arizona dogs outside a previously documented outbreak area. Zoonoses Public Health. 2011;58(2):85-92. doi:10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2009.01300.x"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref22","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e112368","article-title":"Community-based control of the brown dog tick in a region with high rates of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 2012-2013","volume":"9","author":"Drexler N","year":"2014","unstructured":"Drexler N, Miller M, Gerding J,  Community-based control of the brown dog tick in a region with high rates of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 2012-2013. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e112368. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0112368"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref23","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1621","article-title":"Fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever along the United States-Mexico border, 2013-2016","volume":"23","author":"Drexler NA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Drexler NA, Yaglom H, Casal M,  Fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever along the United States-Mexico border, 2013-2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(10):1621-1626. doi:10.3201\/eid2310.170309"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"California Department of Public Health","author":"Vector-Borne Disease Section","unstructured":"Vector-Borne Disease Section. California Department of Public Health. Updated October 23, 2023. Accessed February 13, 2024. https:\/\/www.cdph.ca.gov\/Programs\/CID\/DCDC\/Pages\/VBDS.aspx"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref25","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e115105","article-title":"Clinical presentation, convalescence, and relapse of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in dogs experimentally infected via tick bite","volume":"9","author":"Levin ML","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levin ML, Killmaster LF, Zemtsova GE, Ritter JM, Langham G. Clinical presentation, convalescence, and relapse of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in dogs experimentally infected via tick bite. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e115105. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0115105"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","series-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci","first-page":"519","article-title":"Spotted fever group rickettsial infection in dogs from eastern Arizona: how long has it been there?","volume":"1078","author":"Nicholson WL","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nicholson WL, Gordon R, Demma LJ. Spotted fever group rickettsial infection in dogs from eastern Arizona: how long has it been there? Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006;1078(1):519-522. doi:10.1196\/annals.1374.102"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref27","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"197","article-title":"Short report: concurrent Rocky Mountain spotted fever in a dog and its owner","volume":"66","author":"Paddock CD","year":"2002","unstructured":"Paddock CD, Brenner O, Vaid C,  Short report: concurrent Rocky Mountain spotted fever in a dog and its owner. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002;66(2):197-199. doi:10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.197"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref28","series-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol","first-page":"5569","article-title":"Isolation and identification of Rickettsia massiliae from Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks collected in Arizona","volume":"72","author":"Eremeeva ME","year":"2006","unstructured":"Eremeeva ME, Bosserman EA, Demma LJ, Zambrano ML, Blau DM, Dasch GA. Isolation and identification of Rickettsia massiliae from Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks collected in Arizona. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006;72(8):5569-5577. doi:10.1128\/AEM.00122-06"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref29","series-title":"J Med Microbiol","first-page":"199","article-title":"Cross-reaction of immune sera from patients with rickettsial diseases","volume":"29","author":"Hechemy KE","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hechemy KE, Raoult D, Fox J, Han Y, Elliott LB, Rawlings J. Cross-reaction of immune sera from patients with rickettsial diseases. J Med Microbiol. 1989;29(3):199-202. doi:10.1099\/00222615-29-3-199"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Prevalencia de riquetsiosis (Rickettsia rickettsii) en perros asociada al grado de marginilidad en la zona urbana de Mexicali, BC.","author":"Tinoco-Gracia L","unstructured":"Tinoco-Gracia L, Hori-Oshima S, Medina-Basulto G,  Prevalencia de riquetsiosis (Rickettsia rickettsii) en perros asociada al grado de marginilidad en la zona urbana de Mexicali, BC. Presented at: XIV Congreso Veterinario de Leon; September 2-5, 2009; Leon Mexico."},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Diagnostico serologico y molecular de un brote de riquetsiosis (Rickettsia rickettsii) en perros y un humano en la cuidad de Mexicali, B.C.","author":"Tinoco-Gracia L","unstructured":"Tinoco-Gracia L, Hori-Oshima S, Medina-Basulto G,  Diagnostico serologico y molecular de un brote de riquetsiosis (Rickettsia rickettsii) en perros y un humano en la cuidad de Mexicali, B.C. Presented at: XXXIV Congreso Anual de Infectologia y Microbiologia Clinica; October 7-10, 2009; Guadalajara, Mexico."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref32","series-title":"Zoonoses Public Health","first-page":"148","article-title":"Spotted fever group rickettsiae canine serosurveillance near the US-Mexico border in California","volume":"67","author":"Estrada I","year":"2020","unstructured":"Estrada I, Balagot C, Fierro M,  Spotted fever group rickettsiae canine serosurveillance near the US-Mexico border in California. Zoonoses Public Health. 2020;67(2):148-155. doi:10.1111\/zph.12666"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"546","article-title":"Parasites and vector-borne diseases disseminated by rehomed dogs","volume":"13","author":"Wright I","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wright I, Jongejan F, Marcondes M,  Parasites and vector-borne diseases disseminated by rehomed dogs. Parasit Vectors. 2020;13(1):546. doi:10.1186\/s13071-020-04407-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref34","series-title":"Prev Vet Med","first-page":"293","article-title":"Serosurvey of Babesia canis, Babesia gibsoni and Ehrlichia canis in pound dogs in California, USA","volume":"18","author":"Yamane I","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yamane I, Gardner I, Ryan C, Levy M, Urrico J, Conrad PA. Serosurvey of Babesia canis, Babesia gibsoni and Ehrlichia canis in pound dogs in California, USA. Prev Vet Med. 1994;18(4):293-304. doi:10.1016\/0167-5877(94)90054-X"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Parasite prevalence maps. Companion Animal Parasite Council","unstructured":"Parasite prevalence maps. Companion Animal Parasite Council. Accessed July 16, 2022. https:\/\/capcvet.org\/maps\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref36","series-title":"Zoonoses Public Health","first-page":"4","article-title":"Tick infestation and spotted-fever group Rickettsia in shelter dogs, California, 2009","volume":"59","author":"Fritz CL","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fritz CL, Kriner P, Garcia D,  Tick infestation and spotted-fever group Rickettsia in shelter dogs, California, 2009. Zoonoses Public Health. 2012;59(1):4-7. doi:10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2011.01414.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"375","article-title":"Tick-borne pathogens detected in sheltered dogs during an epidemic of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a One Health challenge","volume":"261","author":"Backus L","year":"2022","unstructured":"Backus L, Foley J, Chung C, Virata S, Zazueta OE, L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez A. Tick-borne pathogens detected in sheltered dogs during an epidemic of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a One Health challenge. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2022;261(3):375-383. doi:10.2460\/javma.22.08.0388"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref38","series-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis","first-page":"33","article-title":"Effects of homologous and heterologous immunization on the reservoir competence of domestic dogs for Rickettsia conorii (israelensis)","volume":"5","author":"Levin ML","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levin ML, Zemtsova GE, Montgomery M, Killmaster LF. Effects of homologous and heterologous immunization on the reservoir competence of domestic dogs for Rickettsia conorii (israelensis). Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2014;5(1):33-40. doi:10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2013.07.010"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref39","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0233567","article-title":"An exploratory analysis of demography and movement patterns of dogs: new insights in the ecology of endemic Rocky Mountain-Spotted Fever in Mexicali, Mexico","volume":"15","author":"L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez AM","year":"2020","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez AM, Orozco L, Zazueta OE, Fierro M, Gomez P, Foley J. An exploratory analysis of demography and movement patterns of dogs: new insights in the ecology of endemic Rocky Mountain-Spotted Fever in Mexicali, Mexico. PLoS One. 2020;15(5):e0233567. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0233567"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref40","series-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol","first-page":"773","article-title":"Lethal effect of Rickettsia rickettsii on its tick vector (Dermacentor andersoni)","volume":"65","author":"Niebylski ML","year":"1999","unstructured":"Niebylski ML, Peacock MG, Schwan TG. Lethal effect of Rickettsia rickettsii on its tick vector (Dermacentor andersoni). Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999;65(2):773-778. doi:10.1128\/AEM.65.2.773-778.1999"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref41","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"293","article-title":"Community-based prevention of epidemic Rocky Mountain spotted fever among minority populations in Sonora, Mexico, using a One Health approach","volume":"114","author":"Alvarez-Hernandez G","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alvarez-Hernandez G, Drexler N, Paddock CD,  Community-based prevention of epidemic Rocky Mountain spotted fever among minority populations in Sonora, Mexico, using a One Health approach. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2020;114(4):293-300. doi: 10.1093\/trstmh\/trz114"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref42","series-title":"Vaccines (Basel)","first-page":"1626","article-title":"A vaccine for canine Rocky Mountain spotted fever: an unmet One Health need","volume":"10","author":"Walker DH","year":"2022","unstructured":"Walker DH, Blanton LS, Laroche M, Fang R, Narra HP. A vaccine for canine Rocky Mountain spotted fever: an unmet One Health need. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(10):1626. doi:10.3390\/vaccines10101626"},{"key":"ref43","series-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol","first-page":"114","article-title":"Tick-pathogen interactions and vector competence: identification of molecular drivers for tick-borne diseases","volume":"7","author":"de la Fuente J","year":"2017","unstructured":"de la Fuente J, Antunes S, Bonnet S,  Tick-pathogen interactions and vector competence: identification of molecular drivers for tick-borne diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017;7:114. doi:10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00114"},{"key":"ref44","series-title":"Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec","first-page":"37","article-title":"An insight into the histopathology caused by the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acarina: Ixodidae) in the skin of previously infested, vaccinated or tick-bite naive dogs, guinea pigs and hamsters","volume":"32","author":"Pablo Juan Szab\u00f3 M","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pablo Juan Szab\u00f3 M, Henrique Bechara G. An insight into the histopathology caused by the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acarina: Ixodidae) in the skin of previously infested, vaccinated or tick-bite naive dogs, guinea pigs and hamsters. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec. 1995;32:37-42."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref45","series-title":"Trends Parasitol","first-page":"205","article-title":"The increasing recognition of rickettsial pathogens in dogs and people","volume":"26","author":"Nicholson WL","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nicholson WL, Allen KE, McQuiston JH, Breitschwerdt EB, Little SE. The increasing recognition of rickettsial pathogens in dogs and people. Trends Parasitol. 2010;26(4):205-212. doi:10.1016\/j.pt.2010.01.007"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref46","series-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis","first-page":"1046","article-title":"Resistance to deltamethrin, fipronil and ivermectin in the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto, Latreille (Acari: ixodidae)","volume":"10","author":"Becker S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Becker S, Webster A, Doyle RL, Martins JR, Reck J, Klafke GM. Resistance to deltamethrin, fipronil and ivermectin in the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto, Latreille (Acari: ixodidae). Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2019;10(5):1046-1050. doi:10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.05.015"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref47","series-title":"J S Afr Vet Assoc","first-page":"90","article-title":"The eradication of the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus Ltr.) from a dog kennel","volume":"14","author":"Neitz W","year":"1943","unstructured":"Neitz W. The eradication of the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus Ltr.) from a dog kennel. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1943;14(3):90-93."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref48","series-title":"Vet Parasitol","first-page":"173","article-title":"The brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae): from taxonomy to control","volume":"152","author":"Dantas-Torres F","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dantas-Torres F. The brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae): from taxonomy to control. Vet Parasitol. 2008;152(3-4):173-185. doi:10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.12.030"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref49","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"589","article-title":"Phylogeography of Rickettsia rickettsii genotypes associated with fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever","volume":"91","author":"Paddock CD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paddock CD, Denison AM, Lash RR,  Phylogeography of Rickettsia rickettsii genotypes associated with fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014;91(3):589-597. doi:10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0146"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref50","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"26","article-title":"Biology and ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus","volume":"3","author":"Dantas-Torres F","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dantas-Torres F. Biology and ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Parasit Vectors. 2010;3(26):26. doi:10.1186\/1756-3305-3-26"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref51","series-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis","first-page":"1573","article-title":"Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806): neotype designation, morphological re-description of all parasitic stages and molecular characterization","volume":"9","author":"Nava S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nava S, Beati L, Venzal JM,  Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806): neotype designation, morphological re-description of all parasitic stages and molecular characterization. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2018;9(6):1573-1585. doi:10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.08.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref52","series-title":"J Parasitol","first-page":"240","article-title":"Possible northward introgression of a tropical lineage of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks at a site of emerging Rocky Mountain spotted fever","volume":"104","author":"Villarreal Z","year":"2018","unstructured":"Villarreal Z, Stephenson N, Foley J. Possible northward introgression of a tropical lineage of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks at a site of emerging Rocky Mountain spotted fever. J Parasitol. 2018;104(3):240-245. doi:10.1645\/18-10"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref53","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"907","article-title":"An increase in human cases of spotted fever rickettsiosis in Yucatan, Mexico, involving children","volume":"79","author":"Zavala-Castro JE","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zavala-Castro JE, Dzul-Rosado KR, Le\u00f3n JJA, Walker DH, Zavala-Vel\u00e1zquez JE. An increase in human cases of spotted fever rickettsiosis in Yucatan, Mexico, involving children. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2008;79(6):907-910. doi:10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.79.907"},{"key":"ref54","series-title":"CDC","article-title":"Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) epidemiology and statistics","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) epidemiology and statistics. CDC. 2022. Accessed January 6, 2024. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rmsf\/stats\/index.html"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Disease data, statistics & reports - data & statistics past years. Arizona Department of Health Services","unstructured":"Disease data, statistics & reports - data & statistics past years. Arizona Department of Health Services. Accessed September 4, 2022. https:\/\/www.azdhs.gov\/preparedness\/epidemiology-disease-control\/index.php#data-stats-past-years"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Prevalencia de riquetsiosis (Rickettsia rickettsii) en perros asociada al sexo, talla, edad y pelaje de la zona rural de Mexicali, Baja California, M\u00e9xico","author":"Romano-Osuna M","unstructured":"Romano-Osuna M, Tinoco-Gracia L, Hori-Oshima S,  Prevalencia de riquetsiosis (Rickettsia rickettsii) en perros asociada al sexo, talla, edad y pelaje de la zona rural de Mexicali, Baja California, M\u00e9xico. Presented at: 2nd Congreso Latinamericano de Patologia Clinica Veterinaria; October 27-29, 2009; Mexico City, Mexico."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref57","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"375","article-title":"Tick-borne pathogens detected in sheltered dogs during an epidemic of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a One Health challenge","volume":"261","author":"Backus L","year":"2023","unstructured":"Backus L, Foley J, Chung C, Virata S, Zazueta O, L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez A. Tick-borne pathogens detected in sheltered dogs during an epidemic of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a One Health challenge. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023;261(3):375-383. doi:10.2460\/javma.22.08.0388"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref58","series-title":"Zoonoses Public Health","first-page":"918","article-title":"Seroprevalence of spotted fever group rickettsiae in canines along the United States-Mexico border","volume":"66","author":"Pieracci EG","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pieracci EG, De La Rosa JDP, Rubio DL,  Seroprevalence of spotted fever group rickettsiae in canines along the United States-Mexico border. Zoonoses Public Health. 2019;66(8):918-926. doi:10.1111\/zph.12642"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/5\/javma.23.07.0377.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/5\/javma.23.07.0377.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/5\/javma.23.07.0377.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T08:03:11Z","timestamp":1741334591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/5\/javma.23.07.0377.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.23.07.0377","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]}}}