{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T22:37:38Z","timestamp":1759963058532},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Anal glands have been identified in a variety of terrestrial and aquatic mammalian species, but there are few accounts describing their presence in cetaceans. To our knowledge, this report describes the first documented case of a pre-anal gland abscess in an Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (<jats:italic>Tursiops truncatus<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMAL<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A 9-year-old male bottlenose dolphin (<jats:italic>T truncatus<\/jats:italic>) part of the US Navy Marine Mammal Program in San Diego Bay, California.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL PRESENTATION, PROGRESSION, AND PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The patient presented for a 3-day history of lethargy, failure to perform voluntary behaviors, and an elevated respiratory rate. Complete blood count and serum biochemistry results showed an inflammatory hemogram. Physical examination revealed a 4-cm circular swelling at the right pre-anal gland pore. The swelling was warm and erythematous, with multifocal pinpoint ulcerations. An abscess of the pre-anal gland was diagnosed using cytology, culture, and ultrasound.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>TREATMENT AND OUTCOME<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Treatment included systemic oral antibiotic and antifungal therapy, along with daily lavage and warm compress of the gland. Treatment was successful, and the abscess resolved.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This case provides insight into a previously unreported disease process in bottlenose dolphins and encourages veterinarians to evaluate the pre-anal gland during routine physical examinations and complete further work-up if swelling or clinical signs associated with this region are present.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.09.0546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T13:43:05Z","timestamp":1701092585000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pre-anal gland abscess in a male Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"262","author":[{"given":"Michelle R.","family":"Greenfield-Feig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond J.","family":"Tarpley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Traversi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Meegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric D.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Navy Marine Mammal Program, Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"596","article-title":"Effects of age and sex on clinicopathologic reference ranges in a healthy managed Atlantic bottlenose dolphin population","volume":"231","author":"Venn-Watson S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Venn-Watson S, Jensen ED, Ridgway SH. Effects of age and sex on clinicopathologic reference ranges in a healthy managed Atlantic bottlenose dolphin population. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007;231(4):596-601. doi:10.2460\/javma.231.4.596"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"How Animals Communicate","first-page":"794","article-title":"Cetaceans","author":"Caldwell DK","year":"1977","unstructured":"Caldwell DK, Caldwell MC. Cetaceans. In: Sebeok TA, ed. How Animals Communicate. Indiana University Press; 1977:794-808."},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Morphology, Physiology and Acoustics of Marine Mammals","first-page":"27","article-title":"A method of studying chemoreception in the Black Sea bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)","author":"Kuznetsov VB","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kuznetsov VB. A method of studying chemoreception in the Black Sea bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). In: Sokolov VY, ed. Morphology, Physiology and Acoustics of Marine Mammals. Nauka Publishing House; 1974:27-45."},{"issue":"6","key":"ref4","series-title":"Aquat Mamm","first-page":"530","article-title":"Third- and fourth-generation cephalosporin resistant Morganella morganii associated to an abscess on the perineum of a male bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)","volume":"47","author":"Contreras GJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Contreras GJ, Biancani B. Third- and fourth-generation cephalosporin resistant Morganella morganii associated to an abscess on the perineum of a male bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Aquat Mamm. 2021;47(6):530-539. doi:10.1578\/AM.47.6.2021.530"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","series-title":"Anat Rec","first-page":"297","article-title":"A histochemical study of the glands of the anal sac of the dog","volume":"100","author":"Montagna W","year":"1948","unstructured":"Montagna W, Parks HF. A histochemical study of the glands of the anal sac of the dog. Anat Rec. 1948;100(3):297-317. doi:10.1002\/ar.1091000303"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/2\/javma.23.09.0546.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/2\/javma.23.09.0546.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/2\/javma.23.09.0546.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T15:27:34Z","timestamp":1727278054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/2\/javma.23.09.0546.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.23.09.0546","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0003-1488"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]}}}