{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T04:20:43Z","timestamp":1727324443551},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate the clinical and histopathological features of a case of xanthogranulomatous keratitis in a mixed-breed dog.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMAL<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Mixed-breed dog.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL PRESENTATION, PROGRESSION, AND PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>An 11-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog was presented for mild blepharospasm, corneal cloudiness, and increasing conjunctival hyperemia OD. Ophthalmic examination revealed multifocal pink and cream-colored consolidated corneal infiltrative lesions and generalized neovascularization with suspected diagnosis of stromal abscessation. There was no improvement after 1 month of medical management, so a keratectomy was performed, and corneal tissue was sent for histopathological evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>TREATMENT AND OUTCOME<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The nonulcerative keratitis was refractive to medical management including topical and systemic antibiotics, topical antifungal, and systemic anti-inflammatory, so keratectomy was performed. Histopathologic diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous keratitis was made 1 week postoperatively. The patient was prescribed 0.05% difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion and 0.2% tacrolimus ophthalmic ointment (initially q 8 h, OD). The difluprednate was tapered and discontinued after 2 months, but the tacrolimus was continued (q 12 h, OD). No lesion recurrence had been documented 1 year postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>There has been little published on canine xanthogranulomas, especially in veterinary ophthalmology. Ocular xanthogranulomas have been reportedly found intraocularly and at the ocular surface. Histologically, they are characterized by well-delineated nodules that contain histiocytes and abundant lipid-laden macrophages. The treatment in this clinical case was surgical excision followed with topical immunosuppression\/anti-inflammatory therapy with no recurrence 1 year postoperatively. Xanthogranulomatous keratitis should be an added differential diagnosis when nonulcerative keratitis is found on examination, specifically with consolidated, corneal infiltrate and minimal pain.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.10.0548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T18:21:34Z","timestamp":1706120494000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Xanthogranulomatous keratitis in a mixed-breed dog"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"262","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Bergen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gulf Coast Animal Eye Clinic, Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialty Vetpath, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Ophthalmol","first-page":"190","article-title":"A clinicopathological study of 17 cases of ocular surface xanthogranuloma in dogs","volume":"23","author":"Harvey AM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harvey AM, Teixeira LBC, Dubielzig RR. A clinicopathological study of 17 cases of ocular surface xanthogranuloma in dogs. Vet Ophthalmol. 2020;23(1):190-198. doi:10.1111\/vop.12711"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Ophthalmol","first-page":"304","article-title":"Solid intraocular xanthogranuloma in three Miniature Schnauzer dogs","volume":"10","author":"Zarfoss MK","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zarfoss MK, Dubielzig RR. Solid intraocular xanthogranuloma in three Miniature Schnauzer dogs. Vet Ophthalmol. 2007;10(5):304-307. doi:10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2007.00555.x"},{"issue":"4-5","key":"ref3","series-title":"Vet Dermatol","first-page":"187","article-title":"Cutaneous xanthogranuloma and viral papilloma on an eyelid of a cat","volume":"3","author":"Carpenter JL","year":"1992","unstructured":"Carpenter JL, Kreider JW, Alroy J, Schmidt GM. Cutaneous xanthogranuloma and viral papilloma on an eyelid of a cat. Vet Dermatol. 1992;3(4-5):187-190. doi:10.1111\/j.1365-3164.1992.tb00170.x"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref4","series-title":"J Vet Med Sci","first-page":"1240","article-title":"Limbal xanthogranuloma in a dog","volume":"79","author":"Ota-Kuroki J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ota-Kuroki J, Kuroki K. Limbal xanthogranuloma in a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2017;79(7):1240-1244. doi:10.1292\/jvms.17-0251"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref5","series-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr","first-page":"400","article-title":"Adult xanthogranulomatous disease of the orbit: clinical presentations, evaluation, and management","volume":"108","author":"Ortiz Salvador JM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ortiz Salvador JM, Subiabre Ferrer D, P\u00e9rez Ferriols A. Adult xanthogranulomatous disease of the orbit: clinical presentations, evaluation, and management. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2017;108(5):400-406. doi:10.1016\/j.ad.2016.12.005"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/4\/javma.23.10.0548.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/4\/javma.23.10.0548.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/4\/javma.23.10.0548.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T15:25:52Z","timestamp":1727277952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/4\/javma.23.10.0548.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.23.10.0548","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0003-1488"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]}}}