{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:17:49Z","timestamp":1792034269976,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To compare the effectiveness of preoperative bupivacaine inferotemporal retrobulbar blocks to postoperative liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine (Nocita) line blocks for analgesia following enucleation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>39 client-owned dogs (40 eyes) presenting to the Ophthalmology Service for enucleation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Dogs were randomly assigned to receive either a preoperative inferotemporal retrobulbar block with 0.5% bupivacaine or a peri-incisional line block with liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine (Nocita) at closure. Patients underwent unilateral enucleation and were hospitalized for 24 hours after surgery. Pain scores were performed by a masked observer with the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale and the University of Wisconsin Ocular Pain Scale at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours following surgery. Intraoperative use of blood pressure and anesthetic support mediations as well as need for rescue pain control were recorded and compared between groups.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>There was no significant difference in rescue rates between treatment groups. When comparing the use of medical intraoperative heart rate, blood pressure, or anesthetic plane support, there were no significant differences in use between groups.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Use of preoperative bupivacaine retrobulbar blocks and postoperative Nocita line blocks were equally effective at postoperative pain control with similarly low complication rates.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.23.11.0629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T18:32:19Z","timestamp":1707503539000},"page":"778-784","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of preoperative retrobulbar bupivacaine and postoperative subcutaneous liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing enucleation"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"262","author":[{"given":"Taylor A.","family":"Opgenorth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellison","family":"Bentley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle J.","family":"Bartholomew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Lasarev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Med Sci","first-page":"209","article-title":"Local and regional anaesthesia in dogs and cats: overview of concepts and drugs (part 1)","volume":"6","author":"Grubb T","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grubb T, Lobprise H. 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