{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:05:48Z","timestamp":1786737948398,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine nutrient intake and dietary patterns in cats with cardiac disease.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201495 cats with congenital cardiac disease or primary cardiomyopathy.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Owners completed a standardized telephone questionnaire regarding their cat's diet and a 24-hour food recall to determine daily intake of calories, fat, protein, sodium, magnesium, and potassium.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Of the 95 cats, 18 (19%) had a history of congestive heart failure and 73 (77%) had no clinical signs of cardiac disease. Fifty-five percent (52\/95) of cats had concurrent disease. Inappetance was reported in 38% (36\/95) of all cats and in 72% (68\/95) of cats with a history of congestive heart failure. Most (57% [54\/95]) cats received treats or table scraps on a regular basis. Approximately half the cats were receiving orally administered medications, supplements, or both. Only 34% (32\/68) of owners used food to administer medications to cats. Cats consumed more than the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) minimums for protein, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, and nearly all cats consumed more than the AAFCO minimum for fat. Daily nutrient intake was variable for all of the nutrients assessed.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Dietary intake in cats with cardiac disease was variable, but results for dietary supplement use, food use for medication administration, and treat feeding were different from those found in a similar study of dogs with cardiac disease. This information may be useful for treating and designing nutritional studies for cats with cardiac disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.230.6.862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]],"date-time":"2007-03-15T17:31:04Z","timestamp":1173979864000},"page":"862-867","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Dietary patterns of cats with cardiac disease"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Danielle S.","family":"Torin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Rush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"384","article-title":"Assessment of the prevalence of heart murmurs in overtly healthy cats","volume":"225","author":"Cote","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"531","article-title":"Disease prevalence among dogs and cats in the United States and Australia and proportions of dogs and cats that receive therapeutic diets or dietary supplements","volume":"229","author":"Freeman","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1336","article-title":"Health status and population characteristics of dogs and cats examined at private veterinary practices in the United States","volume":"214","author":"Lund","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Small animal clinical nutrition","first-page":"529","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease","author":"Roudebush","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Textbook of veterinary internal medicine","first-page":"579","article-title":"Nutritional management of cardiac 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homocysteine, B vitamins, and amino acid concentrations in cats with cardiomyopathy and arterial thromboembolism","volume":"14","author":"McMichael","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids in Boxer dogs with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy","author":"Smith","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Small animal clinical nutrition","first-page":"291","article-title":"Normal cats","author":"Kirk","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Feline Pract","first-page":"13","article-title":"Development and validation of a body condition score system for cats: a clinical tool","volume":"25","author":"Laflamme","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Acta Vet Scand","first-page":"109","article-title":"Effects of mild mitral valve insufficiency, sodium intake, and place of blood sampling on the renin-angiotensin system in dogs","volume":"37","author":"Pedersen","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"1116","article-title":"Effects of dietary modification in dogs with early chronic valvular disease","volume":"20","author":"Freeman","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Modern nutrition in health and disease","first-page":"937","article-title":"Dietary assessment","author":"Dwyer","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Nutrient requirements of dogs and cats","first-page":"366","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical 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