{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T13:51:27Z","timestamp":1775742687402,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To identify risk factors for development of acute laminitis in horses during hospitalization for illness or injury.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective case-control study.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201473 horses that developed laminitis (case horses) and 146 horses that did not develop laminitis (control horses) during hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Case and control horses were matched in a 2:1 ratio by the date on which each horse was evaluated. Potential risk factors investigated included age, breed, and sex; highest and lowest values recorded during hospitalization for fibrinogen concentration, WBC count, PCV, and total solids concentration; and comorbid disease states, including pneumonia, endotoxemia, diarrhea, medically treated colic, surgically treated colic, pituitary adenoma, retained placenta or metritis, forelimb lameness, hind limb lameness, acute renal failure, and vascular abnormalities. A univariate screening of all potential risk factors was performed to determine which variables should be selected for further analysis. All factors found to be associated with development of laminitis were included in a multivariate conditional logistic regression model.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Development of laminitis was marginally associated with lowest and highest fibrinogen concentrations, highest PCV, and lowest total solids concentration and significantly associated with pneumonia, endotoxemia, diarrhea, abdominal surgery for colic, and vascular abnormalities. In the multivariate analysis, only endotoxemia was significantly associated with laminitis.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Endotoxemia is an important risk factor for development of acute laminitis in horses during hospitalization for medical or surgical conditions. Early recognition of endotoxemia, or the potential for it to develop in certain disease states, and initiation of treatment directed at endotoxemia or its consequences may help prevent laminitis in horses during hospitalization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.230.6.885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]],"date-time":"2007-03-15T17:31:04Z","timestamp":1173979864000},"page":"885-889","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Risk factors for development of acute laminitis in horses during hospitalization: 73 cases (1997\u20132004)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Corrina Snook","family":"Parsons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Orsini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Krafty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Capewell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ray","family":"Boston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"364","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiological study of equine laminitis","volume":"27","author":"Slater","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"61","article-title":"A retrospective evaluation of laminitis in horses","volume":"25","author":"Hunt","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract","first-page":"67","article-title":"Pathophysiology 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