{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:04:20Z","timestamp":1788995060282,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine outcome of initial conservative management for primary lens luxation and evaluate topically administered demecarium bromide miotic treatment for prevention of anterior lens luxation, glaucoma, and vision loss in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201434 dogs with primary lens luxation.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Medical records of affected dogs were reviewed for times to anterior luxation, luxation of the lens in the opposite eye, development of glaucoma, and vision loss.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014At 4 to 6 weeks and at 3 months after diagnosis of lens instability (subluxation or posterior luxation), 100% (34\/34 and 29\/29, respectively) of conservatively managed eyes retained vision. At 1 year after diagnosis of lens instability, 80% (16\/20) of conservatively managed eyes retained vision, and at 2 years after diagnosis of lens instability, 11 of 19 conservatively treated eyes retained vision. The only significant effect of miotic treatment was to delay anterior lens luxation in eyes with lens instability. Miotic treatment did not significantly affect the time from anterior lens luxation in 1 eye to anterior luxation in the other eye, time to onset of glaucoma, or time to loss of vision in eyes with an unstable lens.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prophylactic topically administered miotic treatment may be effective at delaying anterior luxation of an unstable lens in eyes affected by primary lens instability. Conservative medical management of dogs with primary lens instability is a reasonable alternative to surgical removal of a subluxated or posteriorly luxated lens via intracapsular lens extraction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.231.1.89","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,2]],"date-time":"2007-07-02T14:28:29Z","timestamp":1183386509000},"page":"89-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Outcomes of nonsurgical management and efficacy of demecarium bromide treatment for primary lens instability in dogs: 34 cases (1990\u20132004)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"231","author":[{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Binder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian P.","family":"Herring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Gerhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"755","article-title":"Lens luxation in the dog and cat","volume":"20","author":"Curtis","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"657","article-title":"Primary lens luxation in the dog","volume":"21","author":"Curtis","year":"1980"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Comp Pathol","first-page":"151","article-title":"Aetiopathological aspects of inherited lens dislocation in the Tibetan Terrier","volume":"93","author":"Curtis","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"238","article-title":"Clinical and pathological observations concerning the aetiology of primary lens luxation in 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America","volume":"7","author":"Gelatt","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"77","article-title":"The intracapsular extraction of displaced lenses in dogs: a retrospective study of 57 cases (1984\u20131990)","volume":"31","author":"Glover","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Vet Ophthalmol","first-page":"81","article-title":"Light-microscopy evaluation of zonular fiber morphology in dogs with glaucoma: secondary to lens displacement","volume":"8","author":"Morris","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"461","article-title":"Luxation of the crystalline lens in the dog","volume":"10","author":"Lawson","year":"1969"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"1175","article-title":"Surgery for lens instability","volume":"27","author":"Nasisse","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Veterinary ophthalmology","first-page":"797","article-title":"Diseases of the lens and cataract formation","author":"Davidson","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"431","article-title":"The efficacy of topical prophylactic antiglaucoma therapy in primary closed angle glaucoma in dogs: a multicenter clinical trial","volume":"36","author":"Miller","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1729","article-title":"Effect of topically applied 2% pilocarpine and 0.25% demecarium bromide on blood-aqueous barrier permeability in dogs","volume":"55","author":"Krohne","year":"1994"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical 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