{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T05:17:37Z","timestamp":1788067057927,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Case Description<\/jats:bold>\u2014A 21-month-old spayed female Border Collie was examined because of progressive right forelimb lameness, signs of pain, and subcutaneous edema. The dog lived in a fenced yard in Tampa, Fla, that contained a small area of marshy terrain.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Findings<\/jats:bold>\u2014The subcutis and intermuscular fascia contained multiple cystic cavities filled with larval cestodes (plerocercoids or spargana) and cloudy red fluid. Parasites were identified morphologically and by DNA sequence analysis as pseudophyllidean cestodes, most likely <jats:italic>Sparganum proliferum<\/jats:italic>. The dog developed a progressively worsening fever, dyspnea, mature neutrophilia, and hypoproteinemia. Septic pleuritis and peritonitis complicated the later stages of the disease.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Treatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\u2014Treatment with praziquantel, fenbendazole, and nitazoxanide failed to control the proliferation and dissemination of larval cestodes. The dog was euthanatized after 133 days of treatment. At necropsy, numerous parasitic tissue cysts were present in the subcutis and intermuscular fascia; these cysts were most abundant in the soft tissues of the forelimbs and cervical musculature. The pleural and peritoneal cavities contained multiple larval cestodes and were characterized by neutrophilic inflammation and secondary bacterial infection.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Findings indicated that clinical signs associated with proliferative sparganosis in dogs may be rapidly progressive and that the condition may be refractory to antiparasitic treatment. Veterinarians should be aware of this zoonotic, water-borne agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.233.11.1756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T13:50:04Z","timestamp":1228139404000},"page":"1756-1760","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Proliferative sparganosis in a dog"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"233","author":[{"given":"Debora A.","family":"Drake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail D.","family":"Carre\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byron L.","family":"Blagburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan E.","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Misti D.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles M.","family":"Hendrix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calvin M.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Parasitol","first-page":"114","article-title":"A molecular phylogeny of the Eucestoda","volume":"84","author":"Mariaux","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Parasitol Int","first-page":"93","article-title":"Phylogenetic identification of Sparganum proliferum as a pseudophyllidean cestode by the sequence analyses on mitochondrial COI and nuclear sdhB genes","volume":"50","author":"Miyadera","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"224","article-title":"Human proliferative sparganosis. A new Japanese case","volume":"94","author":"Nakamura","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Int J Parasitol","first-page":"631","article-title":"Sparganum proliferum: an overview of its structure and ultrastructure","volume":"22","author":"Noya","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"358","article-title":"Human proliferative sparganosis in Venezuela: report of a case","volume":"31","author":"Moulinier","year":"1982"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Parasitol","first-page":"121","article-title":"Proliferative sparganosis in a cat","volume":"70","author":"Buergelt","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Coll Sci Imp Univ Tokyo","first-page":"1","article-title":"On a new cestode larva parasitic in man","volume":"20","author":"Ijima","year":"1905"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Jpn J Zool","first-page":"139","article-title":"Some experimental studies on the regeneration of the plerocercoid of Manson's tapeworm, Diphyllobothrium erinacei (Rudolphi) with special reference to its relationship with Sparganum proliferum","volume":"6","author":"Iwata","year":"1934"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Parasitol","first-page":"15","article-title":"Sparganum proliferum, a sparganum infected with a virus?","volume":"60","author":"Mueller","year":"1974"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Bull Hygienic Lab","first-page":"7","article-title":"The occurrence of a proliferating cestode larva (Sparganum proliferum) in a man in Florida","volume":"40","author":"Stiles","year":"1908"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"625","article-title":"Proliferating larval cestode in a man in Paraguay. 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Sparganum proliferum (Ijima 1905)","volume":"4","author":"Morishita","year":"1972"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"219","article-title":"On a second and third case of infection with Plerocercoides prolifer Ijima, found in Japan","volume":"7","author":"Yoshida","year":"1914"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Vet Parasitol","first-page":"239","article-title":"Prevalence of sparganosis by county of origin in Florida feral swine","volume":"97","author":"Bengtson","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Aust Vet J","first-page":"757","article-title":"Proliferative sparganosis in Australian dogs","volume":"76","author":"Beveridge","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"204","article-title":"Sparganosis in feral hogs (Sus scrofa) from Florida","volume":"215","author":"Gray","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"J Parasitol","first-page":"3","article-title":"The biology of Spirometra","volume":"60","author":"Mueller","year":"1974"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Animal parasites: their biology and life cycles","author":"Olsen","year":"1962"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"6","article-title":"Human sparganosis: case report and review of the subject","volume":"177","author":"Wirth","year":"1961"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet","first-page":"299","article-title":"Spirometra infection in cats and dogs","volume":"22","author":"Little","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"111","article-title":"Spirometra sp infection in a cat in Pennsylvania","volume":"183","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"Vet Med","first-page":"456","article-title":"Helminthic infections of the feline small and large intestines: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"90","author":"Hendrix","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref24","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"846","article-title":"Treatment of proliferative sparganosis with mebendazole and praziquantel","volume":"75","author":"Torres","year":"1981"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/233\/11\/javma.233.11.1756.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/233\/11\/javma.233.11.1756.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/233\/11\/javma.233.11.1756.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T14:05:22Z","timestamp":1741356322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/233\/11\/javma.233.11.1756.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.233.11.1756","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]]}}}