{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:42:13Z","timestamp":1783762933375,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine clinical, radiographic, and pathologic abnormalities in dogs with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201419 dogs with MED from 10 litters.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014The diagnosis was made on the basis of radiographs of the shoulder region and vertebral column. Ten dogs underwent necropsy.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014There were 11 Hygenhund, 6 Dunker, 1 Golden Retriever, and 1 English Pointer. Most dogs were examined because of lameness that developed at 5 to 8 months of age. The most common radiographic abnormality was a deficiency in ossification of the epiphyses, apophyses, and cuboidal bones of the appendicular skeleton and the epiphyses of the vertebrae; ossification of the metaphyses and the diaphyses typically were normal. Disease severity was consistent among littermates, but varied among dogs from different litters.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggested that MED is a rare condition in dogs characterized by a deficiency in ossification of the epiphyses of the long bones, the epiphyses of the vertebrae, the cuboidal bones, and the apophyses. Radiographic abnormalities were evident in dogs examined as young as 8 weeks of age, and most dogs had developed severe lameness by 5 to 8 months of age. The condition most likely had an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, although genetic studies of mode of inheritance could not be performed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.233.4.600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,18]],"date-time":"2008-08-18T12:20:30Z","timestamp":1219062030000},"page":"600-606","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Clinical, radiographic, and pathologic abnormalities in dogs with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia: 19 cases (1991\u20132005)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"233","author":[{"given":"A. Magnus","family":"R\u00f8rvik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Teige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Ottesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frode","family":"Lingaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Textbook of small animal orthopaedics","first-page":"643","article-title":"Constitutional disorders of the skeleton in dogs and cats","author":"Jezyk","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"427","article-title":"A case of epiphyseal dysplasia in a dog","volume":"68","author":"Cotchin","year":"1956"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Radiol Soc","first-page":"13","article-title":"Normal and abnormal bone growth in the dog","volume":"3","author":"Halon","year":"1962"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"136","article-title":"Two cases of epiphyseal dysplasia","volume":"79","author":"Lodge","year":"1966"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"91","article-title":"Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia in a litter of Beagle puppies","volume":"12","author":"Rasmussen","year":"1971"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [A]","first-page":"381","article-title":"Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with special reference to histological findings","volume":"81","author":"Rasmussen","year":"1973"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1699","article-title":"What is your diagnosis? Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia of the femoral head, proximal humerus and vertebral end plates","volume":"212","author":"Johnson","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Vet Radiol","first-page":"171","article-title":"The radiographic appearance of canine congenital hypothyroidism: skeletal changes with delayed treatment","volume":"32","author":"Saunders","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Hum Mutat","first-page":"465","article-title":"Pseudoachondroplasia and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia: mutation review, molecular interactions, and genotype to phenotype correlations","volume":"19","author":"Briggs","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Nat Genet","first-page":"330","article-title":"Pseudoachondroplasia and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia due to mutation in the cartilage oligometric matrix protein gene","volume":"10","author":"Briggs","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Am J Med Genet","first-page":"244","article-title":"Pseudoachondroplasia and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia: new etiologic developments","volume":"106","author":"Unger","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Eur J Hum Genet","first-page":"292","article-title":"Mutations in the known genes are not the major cause of MED; distinctive phenotypic entities among patients with no identified mutations","volume":"13","author":"Jakkula","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Med Genet","first-page":"65","article-title":"Recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (rMED): phenotype delineation in eighteen homozygotes for DTDST mutation R279W","volume":"40","author":"Ballhausen","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"J Med Genet","first-page":"634","article-title":"Identification of locus for a form of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia on chromosome 15q26.1: exclusion of aggrecan as a candidate gene","volume":"39","author":"Eyre","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/233\/4\/javma.233.4.600.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/233\/4\/javma.233.4.600.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/233\/4\/javma.233.4.600.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:52:40Z","timestamp":1741355560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/233\/4\/javma.233.4.600.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,15]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.233.4.600","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,15]]}}}