{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:14:38Z","timestamp":1784830478156,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Case Description<\/jats:bold>\u20142 juvenile (17 and 19 months of age) male American bison (<jats:italic>Bison bison<\/jats:italic>) were examined because of acute bilateral hind limb weakness and ataxia; 1 animal also had urinary incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Treatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\u2014Given the clinical signs and rapid deterioration in the condition of these 2 animals, obtaining a definitive diagnosis was considered essential to minimizing the risk of disease in the remaining bison herd and among other animals at the facility. Therefore, both affected animals were euthanized. At necropsy, no gross abnormalities were seen. Histologic examination of sections of the brains from both animals revealed mild to moderate multifocal aggregates of eosinophils and mononuclear cells in perivascular regions of the meninges and gray matter of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Systematic examination of multiple sections of brain and spinal cord revealed evidence of nematode sections and aberrant parasite migration.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Findings suggested that CNS migration of <jats:italic>Parelaphostrongylus tenuis<\/jats:italic> in American bison may cause clinical signs. These findings have implications for the management of captive bison and free-ranging bison sharing ranges with white-tailed deer (<jats:italic>Odocoileus virginianus<\/jats:italic>), the definitive host, and elk (<jats:italic>Cervus elaphus canadensis<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.233.7.1127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]],"date-time":"2008-10-01T12:30:52Z","timestamp":1222864252000},"page":"1127-1130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Clinical Parelaphostrongylus tenuis infection in two captive American bison (Bison bison)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"233","author":[{"given":"Rachael B.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig F.","family":"Sarver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Thilsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara A.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Nematode parasites of vertebrates: their development and transmission","first-page":"129","article-title":"The superfamily metastrongyloidea","author":"Anderson","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Parasitic diseases of wild mammals","first-page":"228","article-title":"Extrapulmonary lungworms of cervids","author":"Lankester","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract","first-page":"393","article-title":"Parelaphostrongylus tenuis and other parasitic diseases of the ruminant nervous system","volume":"20","author":"Nagy","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med","first-page":"194","article-title":"Intraocular nematodiasis caused by Parelaphostrongylus tenuis in an eland antelope (Taurotragus oryx)","volume":"34","author":"Gandolf","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","first-page":"287","article-title":"Naturally occurring cerebrospinal parelaphostrongylosis in a heifer","volume":"10","author":"Duncan","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","first-page":"451","article-title":"Cerebrospinal nematodiasis and chondrodysplasia in a calf","volume":"9","author":"Yamini","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Land snail survey of The Wilds. Ohio biological survey; OSURF project 738491","first-page":"1","article-title":"Survey of terrestrial snails at The Wilds acting as potential vectors of meningeal worm, Parelaphostrongylus sp","author":"Watters","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"619","article-title":"Parelaphostrongylus tenuis in captive reindeer and sable antelope","volume":"188","author":"Nichols","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med","first-page":"221","article-title":"Clinical challenge","volume":"28","author":"Ferrell","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Vet Pathol","first-page":"119","article-title":"Verminous encephalitis in a horse produced by nematodes in the family protostrongylidae","volume":"44","author":"Tanabe","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"J Wildl Dis","first-page":"338","article-title":"Distribution and ecology of meningeal worm, Parelaphostrongylus tenuis (Nematoda), in northcentral North America","volume":"39","author":"Wasel","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Exp Parasitol","first-page":"407","article-title":"Identification of parasitic metazoa in tissue sections","volume":"32","author":"Chitwood","year":"1972"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Can J Vet Res","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunodiagnosis of experimental Parelaphostrongylus tenuis infection in elk","volume":"66","author":"Ogunremi","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"J Wildl Dis","first-page":"796","article-title":"Detection of anti-Parelaphostrongylus tenuis antibodies in experimentally infected and free ranging moose (Alces alces)","volume":"38","author":"Ogunremi","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/233\/7\/javma.233.7.1127.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/233\/7\/javma.233.7.1127.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/233\/7\/javma.233.7.1127.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:53:02Z","timestamp":1741355582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/233\/7\/javma.233.7.1127.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.233.7.1127","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]}}}