{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T15:11:50Z","timestamp":1770217910660,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Case Description<\/jats:bold>\u2014A 19-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat was evaluated because of signs of urinary tract obstruction.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Findings<\/jats:bold>\u2014Physical examination findings were consistent with urethral obstruction, and a mass could be palpated in the region of the bladder neck. Abdominal ultrasonography and thoracic radiography revealed a mass in the trigone of the urinary bladder and a solitary mass in the left caudal lung lobe. Cytologic examination of the urine sediment, samples obtained by means of traumatic urethral catheterization, and fine-needle aspirates of the bladder mass did not result in a diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Treatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\u2014A balloon-expandable metallic stent was placed in the proximal portion of the urethra to relieve the malignant obstruction. After stent placement, the cat had signs of urinary incontinence and detrusor atony, both of which resolved with medical treatment. The cat was euthanized 1 month after stent placement because of progressive azotemia. Histologic examination of necropsy samples revealed grade III urothelial carcinoma and papillary pulmonary adenocarcinoma.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Findings suggested that stent placement may be a viable palliative treatment in cats with malignant urinary obstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.234.2.236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]],"date-time":"2009-01-15T12:29:02Z","timestamp":1232022542000},"page":"236-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Use of a balloon-expandable metallic stent to relieve malignant urethral obstruction in a cat"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Rebecca G.","family":"Newman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Mehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara E.","family":"Kitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew W.","family":"Beal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Comp Pathol","first-page":"190","article-title":"Classification of canine urinary bladder urothelial tumours based on the World Health Organization\/International Society of Urological Pathology consensus classification","volume":"135","author":"Patrick","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"21","article-title":"A retrospective study of 397 feline neoplasms","volume":"5","author":"Engle","year":"1969"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"101","article-title":"Clinical signs, treatments, and outcome in cats with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: 20 cases (1990\u20132004) (Erratum published in J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007;231:1533)","volume":"231","author":"Wilson","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"226","article-title":"Evaluation of palliative stenting for management of malignant urethral obstructions in dogs","volume":"229","author":"Weisse","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Tech Gastrointestinal Endosc","first-page":"70","article-title":"Expandable metal stents: physical properties and tissue responses","volume":"3","author":"Nelson","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"522","article-title":"Experimental trial of balloonexpandable, metallic Palmaz stent in the trachea","volume":"123","author":"Fraga","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"757","article-title":"Prostatic urethra dilation with the Gianturco self-expanding metallic stent: a feasibility study in cadaver specimens and dogs","volume":"156","author":"Dobben","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"654","article-title":"Functional anatomy of the male feline urethra: morphological and physiological correlations","volume":"161","author":"Wang","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"227","article-title":"Retrospective study of indications for and outcome of perineal urethrostomy in cats","volume":"46","author":"Bass","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"145","article-title":"Canine bladder and urethral tumors: a retrospective study of 115 cases (1980\u20131985)","volume":"6","author":"Norris","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"50","article-title":"Needle-tract implantation following us-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, urethra, and prostate","volume":"43","author":"Nyland","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med","first-page":"370","article-title":"Transitional cell carcinoma in four fishing cats (Prionailurus viverrinus)","volume":"35","author":"Sutherland-Smith","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","first-page":"165","article-title":"Primary renal tumours in cats: 19 cases (1992\u20131998)","volume":"1","author":"Henry","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical 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