{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T13:46:21Z","timestamp":1775742381142,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Case Description<\/jats:bold>\u2014An 11-year-old Quarter Horse stallion was admitted for intermittent hemospermia of 4 years' duration.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Findings<\/jats:bold>\u2014A linear vertical defect had been detected endoscopically following multiple episodes of hemospermia on the caudodorsal convex surface of the urethra at the level of the ischial arch.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Treatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\u2014When sexual rest alone did not result in complete healing of the urethral defect, a subischial urethrotomy and buccal mucosal urethroplasty were performed. The surgical site healed without complication. Four months of sexual rest was recommended after surgery. Repeat endoscopy at 4 months allowed inspection of the urethral graft site. Following endoscopic examination, resumption of semen collection was recommended on the basis of the apparent healing at the urethral defect site. Hemospermia did not reoccur following surgical repair.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Buccal mucosal urethroplasty resulted in a favorable outcome in a stallion with recurrent hemospermia. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty may be a useful surgical option in stallions that have hemospermia secondary to a urethral defect and do not heal with sexual rest alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.235.10.1212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,15]],"date-time":"2009-11-15T08:05:03Z","timestamp":1258272303000},"page":"1212-1215","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Buccal mucosal urethroplasty for treatment of recurrent hemospermia in a stallion"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"235","author":[{"given":"Eileen S.","family":"Hackett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Bruemmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dean A.","family":"Hendrickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"McCue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"250","article-title":"Urethral defects in geldings with hematuria and stallions with hemospermia","volume":"24","author":"Schumacher","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"362","article-title":"Comparison of pressure within the corpus spongiosum penis during urination between geldings and stallions","volume":"36","author":"Taintor","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"431","article-title":"Corpus spongiosum penis pressure and penile muscle activity in the stallion during coitus","volume":"36","author":"Beckett","year":"1975"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Reprod Fertil Suppl","first-page":"151","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of haemospermia in the 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Surg","first-page":"159","article-title":"Urethral calculi in five horses","volume":"10","author":"Trotter","year":"1981"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"31","article-title":"Urolithiasis in the horses\u2014a review of 13 cases","volume":"16","author":"Holt","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"1696","article-title":"Technique of harvesting buccal mucosa for urethral reconstruction","volume":"155","author":"Morey","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"276","article-title":"The use of buccal mucosa patch graft in the management of anterior urethral strictures","volume":"149","author":"el-Kasaby","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Urology","first-page":"194","article-title":"When and how to use buccal mucosal grafts in adult bulbar urethroplasty","volume":"48","author":"Morey","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"1314","article-title":"Multi-institutional experience with buccal mucosa onlay urethroplasty for bulbar urethral reconstruction","volume":"167","author":"Kane","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res","first-page":"327","article-title":"Urethroplasty using a bovine pericardium graft: an experimental study using normal urethras from dogs","volume":"37","author":"Lara","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"514","article-title":"Repair of urethral defects using fascia lata autografts in dogs","volume":"34","author":"Atalan","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"382","article-title":"Buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty for reversal of a perineal urethrostomy in a goat wether","volume":"33","author":"Gill","year":"2004"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical 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