{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T22:18:33Z","timestamp":1789769913233,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\nCase Description<\/jats:bold>\u2014A 12-year-old castrated male Labrador Retriever was evaluated for clinical signs associated with colorectal obstruction.<\/jats:p>\nClinical Findings<\/jats:bold>\u2014The dog had a 2-week history of tenesmus and hematochezia. On rectal examination, an annular colorectal mass was palpable extending orad into the pelvic canal. The original diagnosis of the colorectal mass was a mucosal adenoma. The dog was maintained on a low-residue diet and fecal softeners for a period of 13 months after initial diagnosis. At that time, medical management was no longer effective.<\/jats:p>\nTreatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\u2014Placement of a colonic stent was chosen to palliate the clinical signs associated with colorectal obstruction. By use of fluoroscopic and colonoscopic guidance, a nitinol stent was placed intraluminally to open the obstructed region. Placement of the stent resulted in improvement of clinical signs, although tenesmus and obstipation occurred periodically after stent placement. At 212 days after stent placement, the patient had extensive improvement in clinical signs with minimal complications; however, clinical signs became severe at 238 days after stent placement, and the dog was euthanized. Histologic evaluation of the rectal tumor from samples obtained during necropsy revealed that the tumor had undergone malignant transformation to a carcinoma in situ.<\/jats:p>\nClinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014A stent was successfully placed in the colon and rectum to relieve obstruction associated with a tumor originally diagnosed as a benign neoplasm. Placement of colorectal stents may be an option for the palliation of colorectal obstruction secondary to neoplastic disease; however, clinical signs may persist, and continuation of medical management may be necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.239.2.222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]],"date-time":"2011-07-15T07:02:36Z","timestamp":1310713356000},"page":"222-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Use of a nitinol stent to palliate a colorectal neoplastic obstruction in a dog"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"William T. N.","family":"Culp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catriona M.","family":"MacPhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey D.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"392","article-title":"Palliative use of a stent for colonic obstruction caused by adenocarcinoma in two cats","volume":"228","author":"Hume","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Pathol","first-page":"547","article-title":"Canine gastrointestinal neoplasms","volume":"14","author":"Patnaik","year":"1977"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Vet Pathol","first-page":"149","article-title":"Canine intestinal adenocarcinoma and carcinoid","volume":"17","author":"Patnaik","year":"1980"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"400","article-title":"Rectal neoplasia in the dog: a clinicopathological review of 31 cases","volume":"116","author":"Holt","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"533","article-title":"Nonlymphoid intestinal neoplasia in 32 dogs and 14 cats","volume":"22","author":"Birchard","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"727","article-title":"Colorectal adenocarcinoma in dogs: 78 cases (1973\u20131984)","volume":"191","author":"Church","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"156","article-title":"Adenomatous polyps and carcinoma in situ of the canine colon and rectum: 34 cases (1982\u20131994)","volume":"33","author":"Valerius","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"198","article-title":"Transrectal stapling for colonic resection and anastomosis (10 cases)","volume":"44","author":"Banz","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"407","article-title":"Clinical use of the self-expanding metallic stent in the management of colorectal cancer","volume":"180","author":"Liberman","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Colorectal Dis","first-page":"901","article-title":"Combination endo-radiological colorectal stenting: a prospective 5-year clinical evaluation","volume":"10","author":"Baraza","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Surg Endosc","first-page":"454","article-title":"Expandable metal stent placement for benign colorectal obstruction: outcomes for 23 cases","volume":"22","author":"Small","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"420","article-title":"Transanal pull-through rectal amputation for treatment of colorectal carcinoma in 11 dogs","volume":"37","author":"Morello","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"87","article-title":"The clinical diagnosis and management of rectal and pararectal tumours in the dog","volume":"28","author":"White","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"141","article-title":"A retrospective evaluation of the rectal pull-through technique. Procedure and postoperative complications","volume":"17","author":"Anson","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Textbook of small animal surgery","first-page":"682","article-title":"Rectum and anus","author":"Aronson","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Dis Colon Rectum","first-page":"401","article-title":"Self-expandable stent before elective surgery vs. emergency surgery for the treatment of malignant colorectal obstructions: comparison of primary anastomosis and morbidity rates","volume":"45","author":"Martinez-Santos","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Colorectal Dis","first-page":"251","article-title":"Bowel function following insertion of self-expanding metallic stents for palliation of colorectal cancer","volume":"7","author":"Davies","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Ann Surg","first-page":"24","article-title":"Self-expanding metallic stents for relieving malignant colorectal obstruction","volume":"246","author":"Watt","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol","first-page":"1709","article-title":"Fluoroscopically guided placement of self-expandable metallic stents and stent-grafts in the treatment of acute malignant colorectal obstruction","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","first-page":"91","article-title":"Colorectal stenting for colonic obstruction: the indications, complications, effectiveness and outcome\u20145-year review","volume":"60","author":"Athreya","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"Brit J Surg","first-page":"1096","article-title":"Systematic review of the efficacy and safety of colorectal stents","volume":"89","author":"Khot","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"423","article-title":"Transanal endoscopic treatment of benign canine rectal tumours: preliminary results in six cases (1992\u20131996)","volume":"40","author":"Holt","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"Gastrointest Endosc","first-page":"931","article-title":"Comparison of uncovered stent with covered stent for treatment of malignant colorectal obstruction","volume":"66","author":"Lee","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/239\/2\/javma.239.2.222.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/239\/2\/javma.239.2.222.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/239\/2\/javma.239.2.222.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:14:39Z","timestamp":1741353279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/239\/2\/javma.239.2.222.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.239.2.222","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]}}}