{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T23:56:24Z","timestamp":1773359784311,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To report the clinical use, adverse events, and outcomes after using amikacin in 30% poloxamer 407 (amikacin-P407) during open wound management or in a closed wound application in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>29 client-owned dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Medical records from January 2017 to August 2023 from a single hospital were reviewed for dogs that received amikacin-P407 in an open or closed wound application. Information reviewed included signalment, nature of wound and\/or surgical site infection (SSI), bacterial cultures, amikacin dose, gel volume, route of administration, estimated wound surface area, biochemistry parameters, urine casts, wound progression, and general clinical outcome.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Amikacin-P407 was applied during open wound care (10 dogs), via injection (5 dogs), and at time of wound closure (13 dogs) and was used both in open and closed wound management (1 dog). Wounds were associated with SSIs in 18 of 30 sites. Multidrug resistance was noted in 21 of 30 preapplication cultures. Median amikacin dose was 14.5 mg\/kg (range, 3 to 59.5 mg\/kg), median total volume was 5.0 mL (range, 1 to 12 mL), and median tissue surface area was 6.6 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (range, 1.6 to 36 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), for a local wound dose of 62.5 mg\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (range, 6.9 to 214.3 mg\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). No short-term adverse local or systemic effects were noted in any wounds or dogs. No dehiscence was seen in 17 of 19 closed sites.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The results of this case series suggested that Amikacin-P407 can be applied in a variety of ways with no adverse effects. Amikacin-P407 may be considered in open wound management or in a closed setting for infected wounds and SSIs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.01.0048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T15:23:04Z","timestamp":1716996184000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Amikacin in 30% poloxamer 407 is a versatile local therapy with method of application and outcome documented in 29 dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"262","author":[{"given":"Marije","family":"Risselada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate E.","family":"Spies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sun Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Microbiol.","first-page":"480","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling and the rational selection of dosage regimes for the prudent use of antimicrobial drugs","volume":"171","author":"Papich MG","year":"2014","unstructured":"Papich MG. 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