{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:01:33Z","timestamp":1787313693110,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To assess the perioperative analgesic effects of bilateral ultrasound (US)-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) using low-volume (LV) or high-volume (HV) bupivacaine, compared to a control group, in cats undergoing ovariectomy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>48 healthy female cats.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cats were sedated with IM dexmedetomidine (5 \u00b5g\/kg), ketamine (1 mg\/kg), and methadone (0.2 mg\/kg) followed by IV propofol induction and isoflurane maintenance. Cats were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 16 patients each: QLB-LV group (0.3 mL\/kg\/side), QLB-HV group (0.5 mL\/kg\/side), and control group (no QLB). Bilateral, in-plane, US-guided QLB was performed with lateral approach at the L2 transverse process with bupivacaine 0.2%. Physiological variables were recorded intraoperatively by a masked investigator. If intraoperative nociception occurred, fentanyl (1 \u00b5g\/kg) was administered IV. Rescue postoperative analgesia (buprenorphine, 0.2 mg\/kg) was administered in case of a Feline Grimace Scale score \u2265 4 after a 4-hour evaluation period.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In the control group, heart rate (HR) was higher than the QLB-LV group during the first ovarian manipulation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001) and higher than the QLB-HV group during both ovarian manipulations (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .006). The need for intraoperative rescue analgesia and postoperative pain scores were significantly higher in the QLB-LV (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .005 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .047) and control (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001) groups compared to the QLB-HV group. Buprenorphine was administered once in the control group. No clinical signs of bupivacaine toxicity or QLB complications were observed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Bilateral US-guided QLB-HV may effectively provide perioperative analgesia in feline patients undergoing ovariectomy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.03.0202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T20:12:02Z","timestamp":1721419922000},"page":"1491-1498","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block with 0.5 mL of 0.2% bupivacaine\/kg is a valuable perioperative analgesic adjunct for cats undergoing ovariectomy"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"262","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3022-6022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Lazzarini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Gioeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2699-3173","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giulia","family":"Del Prete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Baio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra M.","family":"Carotenuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Veterinario San Francesco, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"322","article-title":"Quadratus lumborum block: anatomical concepts, mechanisms, and techniques","volume":"130","author":"Elsharkawy H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Elsharkawy H, El-Boghdadly K, Barrington M. 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