{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T23:09:34Z","timestamp":1778540974982,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate the reliability of preoperative abdominal ultrasonography as a staging tool for dogs with hemoperitoneum due to presumed splenic tumor rupture, focusing on the detection of metastatic lesions in the liver.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>99 dogs from 20 emergency and specialty hospitals across the US.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Dogs with nontraumatic hemoperitoneum secondary to splenic tumor rupture were included. A post hoc analysis was conducted on data from a nationwide prospective trial investigating novel treatments for canine hemangiosarcoma. The accuracy of preoperative staging was assessed by comparing ultrasonographic findings with intraoperative observations and histologic findings.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>On preoperative ultrasonography, there was a 20% incidence of liver lesions identified, with no association to liver lesions seen during operation. Notably, 22% of liver lesions observed during operation were missed on preoperative ultrasonography. The presence of liver lesions on preoperative ultrasonography was associated with a higher likelihood of a benign splenic tumor diagnosis. There was no association between the identification of liver lesions on preoperative ultrasonography and the presence of metastatic disease on liver biopsy, with a sensitivity and specificity of 19% and 82%, respectively. Additionally, ultrasound had low sensitivity in detecting intra-abdominal lesions beyond the liver and spleen, with 82% of these lesions missed preoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study challenges conventional perceptions around the approach to staging in dogs with hemoperitoneum. These findings advocate for a reevaluation of the staging approach, with more comprehensive modalities like whole-body CT or MRI potentially being more warranted.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.04.0254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T16:56:26Z","timestamp":1723049786000},"page":"1499-1503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ultrasonographic liver nodules are more often benign lesions in dogs with hemoperitoneum secondary to splenic tumor rupture"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"262","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4729-7927","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alba R.","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency and Critical Care, Ethos Veterinary Health, Woburn, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1148-2589","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samuel D.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency and Critical Care, Ethos Veterinary Health, Woburn, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chand","family":"Khanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency and Critical Care, Ethos Veterinary Health, Woburn, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"72","article-title":"Prognosis for acute nontraumatic hemoperitoneum in the dog: a retrospective analysis of 60 cases (2003-2006)","volume":"45","author":"Aronsohn MG","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aronsohn MG, Dubiel B, Roberts B, Powers BE. Prognosis for acute nontraumatic hemoperitoneum in the dog: a retrospective analysis of 60 cases (2003-2006). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2009;45(2):72-77. doi:10.5326\/0450072"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref2","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1267","article-title":"Incidence of malignancy and outcomes for dogs undergoing splenectomy for incidentally detected nonruptured splenic nodules or masses: 105 cases (2009-2013)","volume":"248","author":"Cleveland MJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cleveland MJ, Casale S. Incidence of malignancy and outcomes for dogs undergoing splenectomy for incidentally detected nonruptured splenic nodules or masses: 105 cases (2009-2013). 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Vet Pathol. 1985;22(5):427-438. doi:10.1177\/030098588502200501"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/11\/javma.24.04.0254.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/11\/javma.24.04.0254.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/11\/javma.24.04.0254.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:09:58Z","timestamp":1741352998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/11\/javma.24.04.0254.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.24.04.0254","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]}}}