{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T10:17:37Z","timestamp":1755598657451,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The objective of this Case Report was to describe the clinical manifestation and postmortem findings of a horse evaluated for recurrent colic diagnosed with pyloric aplasia and an ectopic duodenal papilla.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMAL<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>13-year-old Quarter Horse gelding.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL PRESENTATION, PROGRESSION, AND PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The horse was presented to a referral center for signs of colic that were unresponsive to management on the farm. No abnormalities were noted on rectal palpation; however, upon passage of a nasogastric tube, 31 L of net gastric reflux was obtained. Gastroscopy noted grade IV squamous ulceration and moderate glandular ulceration, severe gastric dilatation, an abnormally positioned gastric outflow tract, and an ectopic duodenal papilla leaking bile-like fluid directly into the stomach.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>TREATMENT AND OUTCOME<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The horse was initially treated with gastroprotectants, promotility agents, and dietary modifications. Following treatment failure and repeated episodes of colic with increasing severity, the horse was euthanized and a necropsy performed. At necropsy, it was confirmed that the aboral aspect of the stomach formed a dilated pouch and continued directly into the proximal duodenum with no discernible pyloric sphincter. The area of the pylorus was delineated by a faint indentation. The ectopic duodenal papilla was traced to the liver. <\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Congenital gastric abnormalities, even in adult horses, should be considered as differential diagnoses when investigating horses presenting with a history of chronic colic. Neither pyloric aplasia nor an ectopic duodenal papilla have been described in the equine literature, and this Case Report raises awareness of the presence of such malformations and their manifestations. <\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.05.0336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T17:54:14Z","timestamp":1727286854000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Grade IV gastric ulceration, pyloric aplasia, and an ectopic duodenal papilla in a 13-year-old Quarter Horse gelding evaluated for recurrent colic"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"262","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4493-8888","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Charlotte K.","family":"Barton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"True","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Littleton Equine Medical Center, Littleton, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Fenn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Littleton Equine Medical Center, Littleton, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parvathy","family":"Thampi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7226-5807","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lauren E.","family":"Smanik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Med (Praha)","first-page":"244","article-title":"Pyloric stenoses in horses: a seven case reports","volume":"54","author":"Bezdekova B","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bezdekova B, Hanak J. Pyloric stenoses in horses: a seven case reports. Vet Med (Praha). 2009;54(5):244-248. doi:10.17221\/1\/2009-VETMED"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Front Pediatr","first-page":"1098273","article-title":"Case report: a case of epidermolysis bullosa complicated with pyloric atresia and a literature review","volume":"11","author":"Luo C","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luo C, Yang L, Huang Z,  Case report: a case of epidermolysis bullosa complicated with pyloric atresia and a literature review. Front Pediatr. 2023;11:1098273. doi:10.3389\/fped.2023.1098273"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref3","series-title":"Surg Radiol Anat","first-page":"1395","article-title":"Gastric ectopic pyloric opening: an unusual case","volume":"41","author":"Lu B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu B, Yang L. Gastric ectopic pyloric opening: an unusual case. Surg Radiol Anat. 2019;41(11):1395-1398. doi:10.1007\/s00276-019-02276-x"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep","first-page":"106887","article-title":"Ectopic papilla of Vater in the pylorus presenting with cholangitis: a case report with literature review","volume":"93","author":"Alkarboly T","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alkarboly T, Gharib DT, Salih KM, Mustafa SM, Salih AM, Kakamad FH. Ectopic papilla of Vater in the pylorus presenting with cholangitis: a case report with literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2022;93:106887. doi:10.1016\/j.ijscr.2022.106887"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref5","series-title":"Pferdeheilkunde","first-page":"438","article-title":"Chronic gastric impaction and dilatation in horses: clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment options and pathologic findings - a case series","volume":"33","author":"Klier J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Klier J, Blutke A, Emrich D, Beckmann J, Wittschorek J, Medina-Torres CE. Chronic gastric impaction and dilatation in horses: clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment options and pathologic findings - a case series. Pferdeheilkunde. 2017;33(5):438-446."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/12\/javma.24.05.0336.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/12\/javma.24.05.0336.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/262\/12\/javma.24.05.0336.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T16:22:48Z","timestamp":1741364568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/262\/12\/javma.24.05.0336.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.24.05.0336","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0003-1488"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]}}}