{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:43:31Z","timestamp":1787312611750,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To report quantitative PCR (qPCR) detection of\n                      <jats:italic>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      DNA in fecal samples from 26 dogs in the US and Canada.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>26 dogs with fecal samples submitted for parasite screening by qPCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CLINICAL PRESENTATION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dog signalment, presenting concern, preventive care, and outcomes were obtained from the primary veterinarian via email or telephone, where available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was detected in 26 of 2,333,797 dog fecal samples by reference laboratory fecal qPCR surveillance between March 2022 and July 2024. Seventeen\n                      <jats:italic>E multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2013detected samples were sequenced as European haplotypes (E3\/E4).\n                      <jats:italic>Taenia-<\/jats:italic>\n                      type eggs were identified by zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation in 8 of 17 samples (47%). Dogs were from the US (n = 16) and Canada (10). Ten dogs had gastrointestinal signs (diarrhea) reported on initial presentation. Clinical history revealed that some dogs were receiving a monthly antiparasitic preventive in the 6-month period prior to sampling (n = 10) and had regular wildlife (rodent) exposure (13). Twenty-five dogs were subsequently confirmed to have received treatment with praziquantel for detected\n                      <jats:italic>E multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and 25 of these dogs were qPCR negative 3 to 5 weeks after treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Veterinary awareness of endemic risk regions for\n                      <jats:italic>E multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and its emergence in novel areas (Colorado, Nevada, Wyoming, Montana, Illinois, Washington, Idaho, Kansas, and Oregon) are key for One Health. Dogs can serve as sentinels for\n                      <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      tapeworm risk, and detection of\n                      <jats:italic>E multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      tapeworms in dogs through routine qPCR fecal screening can alert clinicians to zoonotic concern and common environmental exposure risk.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.07.0471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T15:28:29Z","timestamp":1729092509000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Emerging Echinococcus tapeworms: fecal PCR detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in 26 dogs from the United States and Canada (2022\u20132024)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"263","author":[{"given":"Michelle D.","family":"Evason","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antech Diagnostics Inc, Mars Petcare, Science & Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Peregrine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily J.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia E.","family":"Lozoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antech Diagnostics Inc, Mars Petcare, Science & Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa Langs","family":"Rund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antech Diagnostics Inc, Mars Petcare, Science & Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Scott","family":"Weese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo D. Jimenez","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antech Diagnostics Inc, Mars Petcare, Science & Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian M.","family":"Leutenegger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antech Diagnostics Inc, Mars Petcare, Science & Diagnostics, Fountain Valley, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis","article-title":"Canine alveolar echinococcosis: an emerging and costly introduced problem in North America","author":"Kolapo TU","unstructured":"Kolapo TU, Hay A, Gesy KM,  Canine alveolar echinococcosis: an emerging and costly introduced problem in North America. Transbound Emerg Dis. 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