{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T09:40:04Z","timestamp":1785577204838,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Information about congestive heart failure (CHF) treatment in the horse is limited. Torsemide, an oral loop diuretic, is increasingly used in humans, dogs, and cats with CHF. Torsemide is well absorbed and induces diuresis in healthy horses, and its use in a horse with CHF has been reported. This retrospective descriptive study aimed to describe the use of torsemide in equids with CHF.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>12 equids (10 horses, 1 miniature donkey, and 1 mule).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL PRESENTATION<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Horses presented to a referral practice with clinical signs of congestive heart failure. Diagnosis was confirmed with echocardiography. Treatment with torsemide as well as other cardiac medications was instituted. The cases were evaluated and monitored with physical examinations, clinicopathologic data, and repeat echocardiograms.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Torsemide (PO, q 12 h [median 0.5 mg\/kg; IQR, 0.5 to 0.5 mg\/kg; range, 0.25 to 1 mg\/kg]) was well tolerated in the 12 cases. There were improvements in heart rate and respiratory rate and increases in plasma creatinine concentration (median, 1.3 vs 1.9 mg\/dL) that followed therapeutic interventions that included torsemide. Median survival time of equids with CHF treated with torsemide was 189 days (IQR, 10 to 348.25 days; range, 2 to 806 days), with 2 distinct clusters. Four cases were euthanized within 2 weeks after starting treatment, while 8 survived longer than 137 days or are currently alive.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Torsemide can be used in equids diagnosed with CHF without serious adverse events and has the potential to be a useful oral diuretic. The nature of the study does not allow us to conclude that torsemide had a causal relationship with clinical progression.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.08.0499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T14:49:40Z","timestamp":1735829380000},"page":"395-399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Torsemide can be used for long-term management of congestive heart failure in equids: a description of 12 cases (2019\u20132024)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"263","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9939-282X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kavita","family":"Shroff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darko","family":"Stefanovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia B.","family":"Reef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc S.","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristobal Navas de","family":"Solis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Cardiovascular Disease in Companion Animals","article-title":"Management of heart failure","author":"Ware WA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ware WA, Bonagura JD, Scansen BA. Management of heart failure. In: Cardiovascular Disease in Companion Animals. 2nd ed. CRC Press; 2021. doi:10.1201\/9780429186639-25"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref2","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1058","article-title":"Effects of oral administration of furosemide and torsemide in healthy dogs","volume":"68","author":"Hori Y","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hori Y, Takusagawa F, Ikadai H, Uechi M, Hoshi F, Higuchi S. Effects of oral administration of furosemide and torsemide in healthy dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2007;68(10):1058-1063. doi:10.2460\/ajvr.68.10.1058"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"739","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of furosemide after oral administration to horses","volume":"18","author":"Johansson AM","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johansson AM, Gardner SY, Levine JF,  Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of furosemide after oral administration to horses. 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Effect of torsemide vs furosemide after discharge on all-cause mortality in patients hospitalized with heart failure: the TRANSFORM-HF randomized clinical trial","volume":"329","author":"Mentz RJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mentz RJ, Anstrom KJ, Eisenstein EL, ; TRANSFORM-HF Investigators. Effect of torsemide vs furosemide after discharge on all-cause mortality in patients hospitalized with heart failure: the TRANSFORM-HF randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2023;329(3):214-223. doi:10.1001\/jama.2022.23924"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","series-title":"JAMA Cardiol","first-page":"182","article-title":"Torsemide vs furosemide among patients with new-onset vs worsening chronic heart failure: a substudy of the TRANSFORM-HF randomized clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Krim SR","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krim SR, Anand S, Greene SJ,  Torsemide vs furosemide among patients with new-onset vs worsening chronic heart failure: a substudy of the TRANSFORM-HF randomized clinical trial. 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Short-term efficacy and safety of torasemide and furosemide in 366 dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease: the TEST study","volume":"31","author":"Chetboul V","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chetboul V, Pouchelon JL, Menard J, ; TEST study investigators. Short-term efficacy and safety of torasemide and furosemide in 366 dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease: the TEST study. J Vet Intern Med. 2017;31(6):1629-1642. doi:10.1111\/jvim.14841"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","series-title":"J Vet Cardiol","first-page":"287","article-title":"Use of the loop diuretic torsemide in three dogs with advanced heart failure","volume":"13","author":"Oyama MA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Oyama MA, Peddle GD, Reynolds CA, Singletary GE. Use of the loop diuretic torsemide in three dogs with advanced heart failure. 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