{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T15:37:44Z","timestamp":1757777864303,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Pet ownership among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) is common, but access to shelter, veterinary care, and flea-preventative products for PEH who own pets in the US is not well described. We sought to evaluate current knowledge of fleas and flea-borne diseases and characterize practices around pets and service animals among staff at homeless shelters and outreach organizations<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In-person surveys were administered to staff at homeless shelters and on outreach teams in 7 states from August 2022 to April 2023 to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices and to assess homeless shelter\/organizational characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Surveys were administered to 333 staff members at 60 homeless shelters and among 29 outreach teams. Seventy-eight percent of homeless shelters allowed pets or service animals. Only 2% of homeless shelters and 7% of outreach teams provided veterinary care; 15% of homeless shelters and 7% of outreach teams provided flea preventatives. Nearly three-quarters of surveyed homeless shelter staff responded that no steps were taken to treat fleas at their shelters.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Veterinary care and availability of flea-preventative products are limited in homeless shelter and outreach organizations serving people experiencing homelessness.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Pets of PEH might be at an increased risk of flea infestation and flea-borne diseases because of limited access to veterinary care and preventatives. Improving knowledge and access to flea prevention, screening, and treatment are critical to ensure PEH and their pets can consistently access homeless shelters or outreach services, and to prevent flea-borne disease transmission.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.10.0652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T16:28:10Z","timestamp":1732292890000},"page":"330-334","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Veterinary care and flea preventatives are limited in homeless shelters and outreach organizations serving people experiencing homelessness"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"263","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0118-2726","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ann","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannan N.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BreeAnna","family":"Dell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communicable Disease Epidemiology and Immunization Section, Public Health\u2014Seattle and King County, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolette","family":"Bestul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Grano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communicable Disease Branch, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Briana","family":"Sprague","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communicable Disease Branch, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josh","family":"Leopold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Schiffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Lomeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fulton County Board of Health, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Zadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fulton County Board of Health, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jemma","family":"Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umme-Aiman","family":"Halai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoon-Sung","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Seifu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally Slavinski","family":"DVM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Crum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Department of Health, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Mosites","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the Deputy Director for Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna S.","family":"Salzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison F.","family":"Hinckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace E.","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ref1","series-title":"Adm Policy Ment Health","first-page":"47","article-title":"The homeless and their animal companions: an integrative review","volume":"47","author":"Cleary 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