{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:53:23Z","timestamp":1773842003565,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate risk factors for postoperative intestinal dehiscence, adjusting for potential confounders identified through directed acyclic graphs (DAGs).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted of dogs undergoing small intestinal surgery at a private referral center between July 2011 and July 2024. Directed acyclic graphs were used to identify risk factors, confounders, and mediators, with regression models developed to adjust for these confounders.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 55 dogs were included in the study. Of these, 11 dogs (20%) developed postoperative intestinal dehiscence. After adjusting for the time from clinical signs to surgery and the reason for surgery, dogs with preoperative septic peritonitis (PSP) had higher odds of dehiscence compared to those without PSP (OR, 40.7; 95% CI, 4.4 to 2,142). After adjusting for PSP, dogs with hypotensive events during hospitalization had higher odds of dehiscence compared to those without hypotension (OR, 15.6; 95% CI, 1.2 to 975). Additionally, dogs undergoing surgery for foreign body removal had lower odds of experiencing postoperative intestinal dehiscence compared to those with other reasons for surgery (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.0 to 0.9). Serum albumin concentration, enterectomy, and vasopressor use were not independently associated with dehiscence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>DAGs identified multiple risk factors for dehiscence, along with potential confounders and mediators. Regression analysis confirmed that PSP, hypotensive events, and surgery type were independent risk factors for postoperative dehiscence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Close monitoring of dogs with PSP and careful blood pressure management may help reduce the risk of postoperative dehiscence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.24.12.0791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T13:47:28Z","timestamp":1744811248000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Preoperative septic peritonitis, hypotension, and reason for surgery are risk factors for small intestine dehiscence in dogs: a directed acyclic graph approach"],"prefix":"10.2460","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3618-6658","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pablo A.","family":"Donati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcela","family":"Tunesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego A.","family":"Portela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8201-040X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Campana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coloproctology Department, General Surgery Service, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mat\u00edas","family":"Leydet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Sahagian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agostina","family":"Ferreri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Mart\u00edn","family":"Pallero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e1n","family":"Pi\u00f1eyro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Veterinary Intensive Care Unit, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Alzate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterinario Caninos y Felinos, Medell\u00edn, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nestor","family":"Nigro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo E.","family":"Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Top Companion Anim Med","first-page":"100457","article-title":"A review of normal intestinal healing, intestinal anastomosis, and the pathophysiology and treatment of intestinal dehiscence in foreign body obstructions in dogs","volume":"41","author":"Mullen KM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mullen KM, Regier PJ, Ellison GW, Londo\u00f1o L. 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