{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:54:29Z","timestamp":1787025269464,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014To determine the outcome in dogs undergoing urethral stent placement for management of urethral obstruction secondary to transitional cell carcinoma (TCC).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Retrospective case series.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u201419 dogs with histopathologically confirmed TCC.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Information regarding urethral stent placement and follow-up treatment was obtained from review of medical records. Quality of life assessment was performed with an owner questionnaire.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Self-expanding nitinol stents were successfully placed in 17 of 19 dogs; stent placement was not possible in one dog, and another dog was euthanatized 2 days after stent placement, but before discharge from the hospital. Median survival time in 17 dogs following successful long-term stent placement was 78 days (range, 2 to 366 days). Complications following stent placement in 18 dogs included incontinence (n = 7), reobstruction from continued growth of urethral TCC (3), acute reobstruction shortly after the procedure (1), and stent migration (2). Of the 17 owners surveyed, 16 were satisfied with the outcome and would recommend urethral stent placement.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014The placement of self-expanding nitinol urethral stents was successful in alleviating TCC-induced urethral obstruction and providing good quality of life for most dogs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.241.12.1627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,6]],"date-time":"2012-12-06T09:39:22Z","timestamp":1354786762000},"page":"1627-1632","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Outcome of urethral stent placement for management of urethral obstruction secondary to transitional cell carcinoma in dogs: 19 cases (2007\u20132010)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"241","author":[{"given":"Sarah K.","family":"McMillan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah W.","family":"Knapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Ramos-Vara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patty L.","family":"Bonney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry G.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"136","article-title":"Canine transitional cell carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Mutsaers","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Small animal clinical oncology","first-page":"649","article-title":"Tumors of the urinary system","author":"Knapp","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Urol Oncol","first-page":"47","article-title":"Naturally-occurring canine transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a relevant model of human invasive bladder cancer","volume":"5","author":"Knapp","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"51","article-title":"Palliative ultrasound-guided endoscopic diode laser ablation of transitional cell carcinomas of the lower urinary tract in dogs","volume":"240","author":"Cerf","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"325","article-title":"Clinical use of low-profile cystostomy tubes in four dogs and a cat","volume":"223","author":"Stiffler","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1184","article-title":"Outcome of and complications associated with tube cystostomy in dogs and cats: 76 cases (1995\u20132006)","volume":"230","author":"Beck","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"427","article-title":"A technique for resection of invasive tumors involving the trigone area of the bladder in dogs: preliminary results in two dogs","volume":"37","author":"Saulnier-Troff","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"147","article-title":"Ureterocolonic anastomosis in ten dogs with transitional cell carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Stone","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"505","article-title":"Transurethral resection in the management of urethral and prostatic neoplasia in 6 dogs","volume":"33","author":"Liptak","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"226","article-title":"Evaluation of palliative stenting for management of malignant urethral obstructions in dogs","volume":"229","author":"Weisse","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"TNM classification of tumors in domestic animals","first-page":"34","author":"Owens","year":"1980"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Vet Pathol","first-page":"55","article-title":"Immunohistochemical detection of uroplakin III, cytokeratin 7, and cytokeratin 20 in canine urothelial tumors","volume":"40","author":"Ramos-Vara","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Small animal clinical oncology","first-page":"637","article-title":"Tumors of the male reproductive system","author":"Fan","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/241\/12\/javma.241.12.1627.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/241\/12\/javma.241.12.1627.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/241\/12\/javma.241.12.1627.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T08:10:35Z","timestamp":1741335035000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/241\/12\/javma.241.12.1627.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,15]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.241.12.1627","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,15]]}}}